中国社会主义改造的历史必然与现实问题

发布时间：2018-03-08 02:19

本文选题：社会主义改造　切入点：历史必然　出处：《安庆师范学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新中国成立后，我国进入了新民主主义社会，这是一个过渡性质的社会。若要顺利实现新民主义社会向社会主义社会的直接过渡，就必须要进行社会主义改造。于是我国从1953年起，在逐步实现社会主义工业化的同时，在国民经济领域全面展开了对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业的社会主义改造，这是创建社会主义制度的必然要求，是改变中国社会极端落后现实的必然要求，是历史进程内在发展的必然趋势。经过了三年的奋斗，这场顺应历史潮流的社会变革取得了决定性的胜利和令人瞩目的伟大成绩，彻底消灭了资产阶级和资本主义剥削制度，成功地实现了农业和个体手工业的社会主义合作化，消灭了富农经济，使社会物质产品日益丰富，促使了工业增长速度的突飞猛进，奠定了社会主义工业化的基础。但由于认识上的局限性，，在社会主义改造后期，也暴露出了一些现实问题，高度集中统一的经济管理体制违背了经济市场化全球发展的趋势，单一的公有制格局也与解放和发展生产力的长远目标产生了矛盾。这些问题深刻地影响着之后中国的政治经济体制，最终在改革开放过程中逐步得以解决。改革开放实施后，国家开始对高度集中统一的经济管理体制进行改革，克服了种种弊端，冲破了计划经济体制的藩篱，扩大了企业的自主权，大力发展个体私有制等非公有制经济，繁荣了商品经济，给社会主义公有制经济注入了新的生机和活力，使国民经济健康、稳定的发展，为社会主义市场经济的形成创造了条件。科学的认识和把握改革开放与社会主义改造之间的本质联系，有利于我们正确的理解两者对待私有制经济的不同态度和做法，有利于我们更好地巩固和发展社会主义改造的历史成果，有利于我们在现代化建设的过程中不断深化改革，更加坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义的道路。
[Abstract]:After the founding of New China, our country entered the new democratic society, which is a transitional society. If we want to smoothly realize the direct transition from the new democratic society to the socialist society, Since 1953, while gradually realizing socialist industrialization, China has carried out the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicraft industry and capitalist industry and commerce in an all-round way in the field of the national economy. This is an inevitable requirement for the establishment of a socialist system, an inevitable requirement for changing the extremely backward reality of Chinese society, and an inevitable trend for the internal development of the historical process. After three years of struggle, This social transformation in keeping with the trend of history has achieved decisive victory and remarkable achievements, completely eliminated the bourgeoisie and capitalist exploitation system, and successfully realized the socialist cooperation between agriculture and artisanal handicrafts. It eliminated the rich peasant economy, made the social material products increasingly abundant, promoted the rapid development of industrial growth, and laid the foundation of socialist industrialization. However, due to the limitation of cognition, in the later stage of socialist transformation, It has also exposed some practical problems. A highly centralized and unified economic management system runs counter to the global development trend of economic marketization. The single pattern of public ownership also contradicts the long-term goal of liberating and developing the productive forces. These problems have a profound impact on China's political and economic system and are finally gradually resolved in the process of reform and opening up. The state began to reform the highly centralized and unified economic management system, overcame all kinds of malpractices, broke through the barriers of the planned economic system, expanded the autonomy of enterprises, and vigorously developed non-public economies such as individual and private ownership. It has prospered the commodity economy, injected new vitality and vitality into the socialist public ownership economy, and made the national economy develop healthily and steadily. A scientific understanding of the essential link between reform and opening up and socialist transformation is conducive to our correct understanding of the different attitudes and practices of the two towards the private ownership economy. It is beneficial for us to consolidate and develop the historical achievements of socialist transformation, to deepen reform in the course of modernization, and to follow the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics more firmly.
【学位授予单位】：安庆师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D61

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