孟子“仁政”思想及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-03-10 17:37

本文选题：孟子　切入点：仁政思想　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：孟子是先秦时期的思想家、政治家和教育家,他继承和发展了孔子的仁学思想,在中国历史上第一次提出了“仁政”思想,并将其发展成为一个完整的思想体系,使儒家思想发展到一个新的高峰。“仁政”是孟子政治思想的核心,一度成为中国传统政治思想的主流,为后世中国社会发展所吸收和借鉴,也为当代中国的现代化建设提供政策思路和文化资源,深入研究孟子“仁政”思想具有极其深远的历史意义和重要的现实意义。本论文主要分四个部分内容:首先说明选题的目的及意义。其次,系统阐述孟子“仁政”思想产生的背景和条件:铁器的使用推动了农业经济的发展,礼崩乐坏的局面和进一步激化的各诸侯国的矛盾,文化领域百家争鸣的状态,都是催生“仁政”思想产生的时代背景。孟子对孔子“仁”思想的继承和发展及孟子以“四端说”为主的“性善论”学说为“仁政”思想提供了理论基础。为了说明“仁政”的来龙去脉,本文系统梳理了“仁政”思想在不同时期的发展轨迹:汉唐时期的发展实践期、宋代的发展完善期、明代的发展平缓期、清代及民国的发展开放期。本文的重点是从政治、经济、文化三个领域分析和阐述孟子“仁政”思想的主要内容。分析总结“仁政”思想中表现出的仁民爱物的价值取向、内圣外王的思想准则、道德至上的社会追求等三个方面的特点。最后,从积极和消极两方面分析和评价孟子“仁政”思想。本文的创新之处在于阐发“民本”思想、“明政刑”政策、“爱物”原则、“教民”主张、“大丈夫”人格的培养等五个方面引申出的时代价值,表现为中国现代化建设中坚持以人为本、执政为民的理念;实行全面依法治国的政策;保证生态环境可持续发展的要求;弘扬社会主义核心价值观方面要加大宣传力度;严格塑造领导干部队伍等方面内容。本文采取文献分析和比较研究的方法论述孟子“仁政”思想与当代的对接、传承与转换,为中国现代化建设提供新的借鉴思路和理论基础。由于本人学术水平有限,对孟子“仁政”思想的把握还不够细致和深刻,对于其当代价值的研究还不够深入,我将会在未来的学习中进一步深入研究相关内容。
[Abstract]:Mencius was a thinker, statesman and educator in the pre-Qin period. He inherited and developed Confucius' thought of benevolence. For the first time in Chinese history, Mencius put forward the idea of "benevolent government" and developed it into a complete ideological system. "benevolent government" is the core of Mencius' political thought and once became the mainstream of Chinese traditional political thought, which was absorbed and used for reference by the later generations of Chinese social development. They also provide policy ideas and cultural resources for the modernization drive of contemporary China. It is of great historical significance and important practical significance to study Mencius' thought of benevolent government. This thesis is divided into four parts: first, the purpose and significance of the topic. The background and conditions of Mencius' thought of "benevolent government" are systematically expounded: the use of iron tools has promoted the development of agricultural economy, the situation of etiquette and music destruction, the contradictions of the vassal states, the state of a hundred schools of thought contending in the field of culture, Mencius' inheritance and development of Confucius'"benevolence" thought and Mencius' theory of "sexual goodness" mainly based on "four ends" provide a theoretical basis for the thought of "benevolence". Explaining the background of "benevolent government," This paper systematically combs the development track of the thought of "benevolent government" in different periods: the development practice period of Han and Tang dynasties, the development and perfection period of Song Dynasty, the development level period of Ming Dynasty, the development and opening period of Qing Dynasty and Republic of China. The main contents of Mencius' thought of "benevolent government" are analyzed and expounded in the three fields of economy and culture. Moral supreme social pursuit and other three aspects of the characteristics. Finally, This paper analyzes and evaluates Mencius' thought of benevolent government from both positive and negative aspects. The innovation of this paper lies in the elucidation of the thought of "people first", the policy of "Ming government and punishment", the principle of "love of things", the proposition of "religious people", the cultivation of personality of "great husband", etc. The value of the times derived from five aspects, In China's modernization construction, we should adhere to the idea of "people-oriented" and "ruling for the people"; implement the policy of governing the country according to law; ensure the sustainable development of ecological environment; promote the socialist core values; This paper adopts the methods of literature analysis and comparative study to discuss the connection, inheritance and transformation between Mencius'"benevolent government" thought and the contemporary era. To provide new ideas and theoretical bases for China's modernization drive. Due to my limited academic level, Mencius' idea of "benevolent government" is not sufficiently detailed and profound, and the study of its contemporary value is not deep enough. I will further study the relevant content in the future study.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D092

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