太谷县乡村武术社会研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 00:31

本文选题：太谷县　切入点：乡村武术　出处：《中北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：五千年的中华文明孕育了具有中华民族特色的身体文化系统——武术，中国武术是是中国传统文化的重要组成，也是中华先民身体文化的结晶。中国武术作为中国传统文化的重要组成，在近代以来的社会变迁中，所蕴含的文化要素随社会的发展产生了许多重要的变化。近代以来，中国社会的社会结构、社会层次、社会阶层发生了重大的变化，武术在这样的社会背景下，随着社会的变化，武术的发展与社会的变迁形成了一种特定的逻辑关系。武术与社会的这种互动促进了武术的发展，也影响了武术的发展进程。同样，在特定的社会区域，武术对社会的发展也产生了某种特定的影响，从而产生了一些典型的武术社会。中国武术的早期传播与习练是在农耕文明背景下展开的，乡村成为中国武术传播和发展的主要场所。形意拳是中国武术的代表拳种之一，在中国武术发展史尤其是近代以来的发展历程中有着十分重要的地位，是山西这一特定区域长期孕育、形成的优秀拳种。由此，形意拳与乡村，与乡村武术社会的形成与发展形成一种对应的逻辑关联。太谷县作为形意拳的发源地，在某种意义上成为一个小型的武术社会，这即是形意拳与社会互动的产物，这是本研究开展的基点，也是本研究选题的根本所在。基于此，探究太谷形意拳与其形成发展的乡村社会之间的逻辑关系，探求其内在的发生与发展，进而探析社会变迁视野中太谷形意拳发展与社会的互动关系，既可以为中国武术发展提供一个特定拳种的个案研究，更可以为中国武术的整体发展提供一种新的思考路径。本研究将从社会发展的微观视角切入，试图以小见大，通过对微观社会现象的具象分析，来探究武术的社会发展以及武术与乡村社会的逻辑互动作为研究的基本理路。本研究从民族文化的视角出发，运用历史学、地理学、文化学等相关学科的理论对太谷乡村武术社会的形成与发展进行探究，力求理清太谷县这一特定地理区域的形意拳发展脉络。本研究参照人类学、民俗学的基本研究理路，选择太谷县作为实证研究个案，采用田野调查、口述整理和文献资料研究等研究方法，梳理分析近代以来太谷县武术发展的基本脉络，分别从自然环境、社会结构、社会政治、经济、教育等不同层面，揭示近代以来太谷县社会变迁对太谷县域武术活动内容、人群特征、习武组织形式、活动过程以及习武的动机等方面产生的影响，以之管窥近代以来社会变迁视野下的武术文化传承概貌。本研究通过对太谷县形意拳与乡村武术社会互动关系进行研究，研究结果认为：影响形意拳发展的社会因素主要包括社会结构变迁、经济发展和教育因素等因素：第一，特殊的地理环境孕育着特别的拳种，太谷县孕育了中国名拳形意拳。太谷县在清以后是中国重要的金融中心之一，经济发达，对武术有着较强的需求，形意拳的发展与太谷县的社会发展形成互相推动的基本格局，形意拳的发展促进了乡村武术社会的初步形成，乡村武术社会的形成与发展又为形意拳的进一步发展奠定了基础。第二，中国近代时期政治制度混乱，战争不断，使得传统社会结构发生了根本性的改变，社会结构的变迁对形意拳发展产生了不同的影响作用，形意拳在不断变化的社会背景下传播发展，形成了不同的传播路径，传播方式与传播范围发生了很大的变化。形意拳在适应乡村武术社会变迁的同时，也在某些方面推动着社会结构变迁的进行。第三，，经济的不断发展促进了乡村武术社会的不断转型，形意拳在不断变化的社会中传习和发展，一方面在其本体发展进程中受到经济因素的制约，另一方面形意拳的发展也在一定层面推动了经济发展，与经济发展形成了双向互动的逻辑关系。第四，现代教育模式的引进使得山西太谷县这一地区文化呈现出多样性，促使乡村武术社会产生了重要变化，并直接反应在这一特定地区的武术活动上，造就了太谷县域武术的文化特色。传统教育向现代教育的转型推动了形意拳的广泛传播，促进了武术的现代化转型。同时，形意拳进入中小学，成为太谷县的重要体育课程，也为教育尤其是体育事业的发展开辟了新的路径，促进了教育事业的发展。综上所述，形意拳的发展与乡村武术、乡村武术社会息息相关，社会因素决定着拳种产生，影响着拳种风格的同时，特定拳种也对武术社会的形成起到了一定的促进作用。本研究通过对太谷这一典型的乡村武术社会的分析研究，试图勾勒出太谷县近代以来的武术发展与乡村社会发展的基本内涵，从而为当下武术的发展提供理论支持和实践层面的思考。
[Abstract]:Five thousand years of Chinese civilization gave birth to the physical culture -- martial arts system with Chinese characteristics, China Wushu is an important component Chinese of traditional culture, but also the Chinese ancient physical culture crystallization. Chinese Wushu is an important component of traditional culture in modern Chinese, to social changes, cultural elements contained in along with the development of society there are many important changes. In modern times, social structure, social Chinese level, major changes in social class, martial arts in this social context, with the social change, development and changes of social Wushu formed a particular logical relationship. The interaction between Wushu and social promotion the development of martial arts, also influenced the development process of martial arts. Similarly, in specific regions of the society to the society, the development of martial arts also had a certain influence, thus producing The typical martial arts society. Early communication and practicing martial arts China is unfolding in the farming civilization under the background of the country, become the main place for China Wushu dissemination and development. Boxing is one of representative China boxing martial arts, martial arts history in China especially has a very important position in the development course in Shanxi, the specific region of the long-term development, the formation of outstanding boxing. Thus, Xingyi and village, a logical association corresponding to the formation and development of rural society. The formation of martial arts in Taigu County as the birthplace of Xingyi, become a small martial arts society in a sense, this is the product of the shape and the social interaction Xingyi this is the starting point, to carry out the research, is the essence of this research. Based on this, the research of Taigu Xingyi and logical relations between the forming of rural social development, exploration For its occurrence and development, and then analysis the perspective of social change in Taigu Xingyi interactive relationship with the development of the society, it can not only provide a specific case study for the development of Chinese boxing martial arts, can provide a new thinking path for the overall development of China martial arts.
This study will be cut, from the micro perspective of social development through the analysis of the concrete to the child is father of the man, micro social phenomena, to explore the interactive logic of martial arts and martial arts and social development of rural society as the basic logic of research. This study from the perspective of national culture, which, by means of history, geography, to explore the formation and development of Taigu rural Wushu social sciences related to cultural studies theory, Xingyi development to this particular geographical area clear of Taigu county. This study refer to the basic research of physical anthropology, folklore, Taigu county is selected as a case study, using field survey, oral literature collation and research, analysis the basic context of Taigu county the development of Wushu in modern times, respectively, from the natural environment, social structure, social politics, economy, different levels of education, reveal the past Since the generation of social changes on Taigu County Taigu County of martial arts activities, population characteristics, martial arts organization, influence of process and the motivation of martial arts, martial arts and cultural heritage overview of social change from the perspective of the view of modern times.
Based on the study of Taigu County of Xingyi and rural Wushu society interaction, the results show that: the influence of social factors Xingyi development includes the change of social structure, economic development and education factors:
First, the special geographical environment is pregnant with a special kind of Taigu County, gave birth to the China boxing Xingyi. Taigu County in Qing Dynasty is one of the important financial center Chinese developed economy, there is a strong demand for martial arts, social development shaped the development of the Xingyiquan and Taigu County as the basic pattern of each other. The development of the Xingyiquan promoted the preliminary formation of rural martial arts society, laid the foundation for the formation and development of rural society and Wushu for the further development of the Xingyiquan.
Second, the political system in modern times China chaos, wars, the traditional social structure has undergone a fundamental change, have different effect on the development of the social structure change in Xingyi, the development of communication in the changing social background of Xingyi, forming a different propagation path, great changes have taken place in communication with the spread of Xingyiquan in martial arts. Adapt to country social change at the same time, also in certain areas to promote a change of social structure.
Third, the development of economy has promoted the transformation of the rural society of the martial arts, boxing training in a changing society and development, on the one hand by economic factors in the ontology development process, on the other hand, the development of Xingyi also contributed to the economic development in a certain level, the formation of the logical relationship between the two-way interaction with the development of economy.
Fourth, the introduction of modern education mode makes culture in Shanxi County of Taigu in this area shows diversity and promoting rural Wushu society has produced important changes, and direct response in this specific area of martial arts activities, created Taigu County martial arts cultural characteristics. The traditional education to the modern transformation of education promotes the wide spread of shape Xingyi, promoted the transformation of martial arts modernization. At the same time, Xingyi into primary and secondary schools, has become an important sports course in Taigu County, but also for education especially the development of the sports industry has opened up a new path, to promote the development of the education.
To sum up, the development of the Xingyiquan and rural village Wushu, Wushu is closely related to the society, social factors determines the influence boxing, boxing style Boxing at the same time, specific to a certain extent also on the formation of social martial arts. Through the analysis of the research on Taigu is a typical rural martial Arts Society, the basic connotation of trying to the development of Wushu and the rural social development since the outline of modern Taigu County, so as to provide theoretical support and practical thinking for the development of Modern Wushu.

【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G852

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