网络政治参与的有序性探析

发布时间：2018-04-11 04:13

本文选题：网络政治参与 + 有序性　；参考：《浙江财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：互联网的发展以及其在政治方面的应用对我国民主政治的发展具有重大影响。当前，我国正处于政治经济改革的社会转型时期，存在着各种不稳定因素，尤其是在自由开放的网络环境中出现的无序性政治参与现象，这给我国社会的安定带来了深远的影响。可以说，网络的快速发展为我国民主政治建设提供了良好机遇，也带来了巨大的挑战。网络政治参与指的是在互联网发展比较普遍时兴起的，由普通网民借助现代通讯设备通过网络这种途径表达自己的看法、思想或者意愿等，最终直接或是间接地影响国家决策的一种自发行为。网络政治参与具有虚拟隐蔽性、透明开放性、快捷高效性等鲜明特性，其影响力也十分巨大。处于政治经济转型时期的网络政治参与，负面效应尤为突出，其中表现为非制度化的政治参与、暴力和群体性事件、人肉搜索和侵犯人权等，这些使我国社会秩序和公共安全受到严重威胁。因而，研究网络政治参与有序性的相关问题，并在此基础上提出具有针对性的建议，营造一个有序的网络政治参与环境，是当代民主政治建设面临的一个急需破解的理论和现实问题。本文在已有学者研究成果的基础上以网络政治参与中存在的非制度化政治参与为问题来源，主要运用参与式民主理论首先对网络政治参与有序性内涵作出理论分析，本文认为其内涵可以从网络政治参与的结构、过程及程度三个方面进行探讨。从结构上来讲，有序网络政治参与是现代民主结构要素当中的一个重要组成部分；从过程上来讲，它是政府与民众良好互动的体现；从程度上来讲，它是民众表达利益诉求最佳的状态。网络政治参与有序性的特征应该表现为参与主体的多元平等、参与态度的理性包容、参与效应的正向叠加等几个方面。文章在对网络政治参与有序性的内涵及特征进行探讨之后，接着对网络政治参与有序性应有的基本形态作出分析，也是对网络政治参与有序性的弹性标准作出探讨。本文认为构建有序网络政治参与需要政府、社会团体和个人多方力量的积极配合与共同努力。首先，构建有序的前提是需要政府主动设置公共议题，坚持政务的公开；其次，网络政治参与有序性的基础是公民在参与过程中应该不断的认识到自身权利和义务，民主素养得到提升；再次，保持网络政治参与有序性的关键是政府与民众通过网络新媒介，沟通密切顺畅，保持上下互动良好的张力关系；最后提出网络政治参与应有的保障是实现参与渠道的制度化。我国网络政治参与发展迅速，拓宽了我国的民主化道路，但是在实现网络政治参与的有序性道路上还存在现实障碍，本文从网络政治参与渠道的制度与机制不健全、网络政治参与的不平等、参与主体的公民意识比较淡薄等方面进行分析说明若要实现有序网络政治参与必须重视存在的现实问题。本文尝试对网络政治参与有序性的实现路径进行思考提出建议。若要实现网络政治参与的有序性可从以下几个方面进行：第一，加强网络立法，实现制度化网络政治参与；第二，建设政府信息公开制度，，保障公民知情权；第三，构建利益保障机制，保障公民合法权利；第四，培养公民意识，加强网络公民文化。本文除了采用基本的理论分析方法进行论述外，还主要结合社会网络分析法、个案研究法、对比研究法等对文章主题进行深入探讨。目的在于能够拓宽问题研究视野，多角度观察分析，促进相关学理的发展。而本文着重归纳概括网络政治参与有序性的内涵及特征，旨在研究课题时，方向更明确，程度更深入，更贴近实际研究。
[Abstract]:The development of Internet and its application in politics have great influence on the development of democratic politics in our country . At present , our country is in the period of social transformation of political and economic reform , which has exerted profound influence on our country ' s social stability .

On the basis of the scholars ' research achievements , this paper makes a theoretical analysis on the connotation of network politics participation in the political participation of the network . The author thinks that the connotation of the network political participation can be discussed from three aspects : the structure , process and degree of network political participation .
In the process , it is an embodiment of good interaction between the government and the public ;
To a certain extent , it is the best state for the people to express their interests . The characteristics of network political participation should be manifested in aspects such as the pluralism of the subject , the rational inclusion of the participation attitude , the positive overlay of the participation effect , and so on .

After discussing the connotation and characteristics of network political participation , this paper makes an analysis on the basic form of network political participation , and discusses the flexibility standard of network politics participation . In this paper , it is believed that the construction of orderly network political participation requires active cooperation and joint efforts of government , social group and individual multi - party forces . First , the construction of orderly network political participation requires the government to set up public issues actively , and adhere to the openness of government affairs .
Secondly , the basis of network political participation is that citizens should continuously realize their rights and obligations in the process of participation , and the democratic accomplishment is promoted ;
Thirdly , the key to keeping the political participation of the network is that the government and the public communicate with the people through the new media of the network , so that the communication is close and smooth , and the tension relation is kept up and down ;
Finally , the author puts forward that the guarantee of network political participation is to realize the institutionalization of the participating channels .

In order to realize the orderly network political participation , we should attach importance to the realistic problems that exist in order to realize the orderly network political participation .

This paper tries to put forward some suggestions on the realization path of network politics participation . To realize the orderliness of network political participation can be carried out from the following aspects : First , strengthen the network legislation , and realize the political participation of institutionalized network ;
Second , the government information disclosure system should be constructed to guarantee the right of citizens to know the right ;
Third , to construct the safeguard mechanism of interest , to guarantee the citizen ' s legal rights ;
Fourthly , cultivate the citizen consciousness and strengthen the network citizen culture .

In addition to the basic theory analysis method , this paper mainly discusses the theme of the article based on the social network analysis , case study method and comparative research method . The aim is to broaden the field of view of the problem , observe the analysis in many angles , and promote the development of relevant theories .

【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621.5;G206

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