《新夏娃的激情》中的身体：规训与反抗

发布时间：2018-04-26 22:12

本文选题：新夏娃的激情》 + 身体　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：安吉拉·卡特(1940-1992)是二十世纪英国最杰出的作家之一。其作品大多关注父权制社会两性关系问题。《新夏娃的激情》是卡特的第七部小说,发表于1977年,近年来才获得关注。该小说主要描绘了父权制代表伊夫林从英格兰到纽约,再到加利福尼亚沙漠的历险经历,在此历险中,男性伊夫林被迫进行了变性手术成为夏娃,从而在身体上和心灵上接受了女性的身份。卡特借此探讨以零与母亲为代表的激进的父权与女权问题。以往国内外对《新夏娃的激情》大多从女性主义,叙事学和空间理论等方面进行研究。而本文试图结合福柯的规训权力和女性主义理论,分析小说中权力对身体的规训以及个人利用身体作为武器对规训权力的反抗。福柯认为,权力无处不在,规训权力旨在通过规训手段造就驯服的身体。规训手段指层级监视、规范化裁决和检查。然而,哪里有权力,哪里就有反抗。女性主义主要是指女性为在政治、经济和社会方面寻求同男性的平等地位而进行的一系列政治和社会的运动。对福柯和女性主义者来说,身体已然成为父权运作与反抗权力的场所。通过分析《新夏娃的激情》中零和母亲领地的规训权力以及人们利用身体对规训权力的反抗,本文意在说明零和母亲领地的规训权力盛行,导致小说中人物的驯服与顺从。然而,小说中的人物并没有完全屈服于规训权力,反而是积极反抗零和母亲施加的规训权力。因此,本文揭露了父权制和母权制不仅对女性造成伤害,而且对男性也造成伤害。作为一名女性主义者,卡特不仅描绘男性与女性的遭遇,而且给小说中人物赋权,以此反抗父权制与母权制。她呼吁两性和谐相处,男女两性的关系应是平等而相互扶持的。小说中人物的经历启迪着现代社会的人们。面对压迫与剥削,避免屈服和顺从,现代人要采取合理的措施进行反抗。本文由四部分组成:引言、文献综述和理论框架、论文主体、结论。第三章和第四章是论文主体部分。第一章简要介绍作家卡特及其作品,论文研究目的和研究意义,研究问题和研究方法。第二章主要是论述以往国内外对《新夏娃的激情》的研究以及本文的理论框架。第三章论述规训手段层级监视、规范化裁决和检查在父权制和母权制社会中的运用,而这些规训手段应用的目的就是为产生驯服的身体。本章依据规训手段分为三部分。在小说中,人物被限定在权力网络中,任何偏离规范的行为将受到惩罚。第四章论述对规训权力的反抗。在《新夏娃的激情》中,人物并没有被父权制和母权制完全规训,他们进行各种形式的反抗。通过嘲弄父权制性别规范挑战父权制,通过对子宫的探索解构了母权制。摆脱了父权制和母权制的规训之后,小说中人物通过自己性欲的发现和两性相互扶持的意识,最终确立自己的主体性。第五章是结论部分。基于上述章节的分析,本章对全文进行归纳总结,并指出论文的价值与局限性。
[Abstract]:Angela Carter (1940-1992) is one of the most outstanding British writers in the twentieth Century. Most of his works are concerned with the relationship between patriarchal society. "New Eve's passion > is Carter's seventh novel, which was published in 1977, only in recent years." this novel mainly depicts the father rights representative Evelyn from England to New York, and then to Canada. In the adventures of the California desert, in this adventure, the male Evelyn was forced to undergo a transsexual operation to become Eve, thus being physically and mentally accepted as a woman. Carter explored the radical patriarchy and feminism represented by zero and mother. And this article tries to analyze the power of Foucault and the theory of feminism, and analyze the discipline of power to the body in the novel and the resistance of personal use as a weapon to the power of discipline. Foucault believes that power is everywhere, and the power of discipline is designed to create a tame body by means of discipline. Discipline means hierarchical surveillance, standardized adjudication and inspection. However, where there is power, there is resistance. Feminism mainly refers to a series of political and social movements for women to seek equal status with men in political, economic and social aspects. For Foucault and feminists, the body has become patriarchal. Through the analysis of the passion of the new Eve's passion, the regulatory power of the central zero and mother's territory, and the resistance of the body to the power of discipline, this article is intended to illustrate the popularity of the regulatory power of zero and mother's territory, which leads to the taming and obedience of the characters in the novel. However, the characters in the novel have not completely yielded to the right to discipline. As a feminist, Carter not only portrays the encounter of men and women, but also empowers small people to resist patriarchy and matriarchy as a feminist, as a feminist. She calls for a harmonious relationship between the two sexes. The relationship between men and women should be equal and mutually supportive. The experience of the characters in the novel enlightens the people of modern society. Facing oppression and exploitation, avoiding submission and obedience, modern people should take reasonable measures to resist. This article is composed of four parts: introduction, literature review and theoretical framework, subject, The third chapter and the fourth chapter are the main part of the thesis. The first chapter briefly introduces the writer Carter and his works, the purpose and significance of the research, the research issues and the research methods. The second chapter mainly deals with the past domestic and foreign research on the passion of New Eve and the theoretical framework of this article. The third chapter discusses the level monitoring of the training methods. Standardized adjudication and examination are used in patriarchy and maternal society, and the purpose of these methods is to produce a tame body. This chapter is divided into three parts according to the means of discipline. In the novel, the characters are limited to the power network, and any deviating from the norm will be punished. The fourth chapter deals with the power of discipline. Resistance. In the passion of the new Eve, the characters were not fully disciplined by patriarchy and matriarchy. They carried out various forms of resistance. By mocking the patriarchal gender norms, they challenged the patriarchy and deconstructed the matriarchal system through the exploration of the womb. The characters in the novel passed their own sexual desire after the rule of patriarchy and maternal power. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part. Based on the analysis of the above chapters, this chapter summarizes the full text, and points out the value and limitation of the thesis.

【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

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