京津唐城市密集区地表蒸散研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 22:03

本文选题：京津唐 + 土地利用/覆盖变化　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：京津唐城市密集区是现今我国发展相对成熟的综合性城市群,其依托于自身的区位优势,区内经济、社会、人文和城市建设等得到了高速的发展和完善,这奠定了京津唐城市群是我国重要的政治、经济和文化中心的地位。因此,对京津唐城市密集区环境变化进行深入研究,对未来中小型城市群的发展和建设具有重要的指导意义。近30年来,随着经济的提速,我国城市发展非常迅速,尤其如北京等大城市人口逐年增加,土地利用和土地覆盖变化迅速。快速的城市化进程使得大城市的城市病日益突出,其中城市热岛效应备受关注。热岛效应产生的主要原因是城市硬化地面的增加、植被的减少引起了城市蒸散发量下降,导致潜热逐渐减少,感热逐渐增加,从而导致城市气温不断上升。而与其息息相关的正是地表蒸散发量,本文就是基于这个着眼点开展研究。本文选题以“大尺度土地利用变化对全球气候的影响研究”项目为依托,基于MODIS数据和气象数据平台,利用定量遥感地表蒸散二层模型对京津唐大范围地区地表蒸散进行了反演研究,并结合DEM高程数据和不透水地表指数数据对京津唐城市密集区地表能量的空间格局及不同土地利用/覆盖变化对地表蒸散发的影响进行深入的探讨,研究结果表明:(1)高程较高的林地区域主要受自然条件影响,其温度、反照率、土壤热通量和显热通量相对较低,覆盖率、净辐射、潜热通量和日蒸散量较高。高程较低的城市核心区域、主要受人类活动影响,表现为不透水地表指数较高,其温度、净辐射、土壤热通量和显热通量较高,覆盖率、反照率、潜热通量和日蒸散量较低。(2)对不同土地利用类型蒸散发量大小顺序依次是水体林地草地耕地建设用地。京津唐城市密集区2000-2010年7月蒸散发变化主要呈现为城市核心城区及其周围以减少为主、山区林地及部分耕地以增加为主。研究区内耕地、草地与林地之间土地利用/覆盖转换所导致的蒸散发量变化整体较弱。林地、草地与耕地转换为建设用地所引起的蒸散发量变化整体呈现显著下降趋势。
[Abstract]:The Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urban concentration area is a relatively mature comprehensive urban agglomeration in China. It is based on its own geographical advantages. The regional economy, society, humanities and urban construction have been developed and improved at a high speed. This established the Beijing-Tianjin-Tang City agglomeration is an important political, economic and cultural center. Therefore, it is of great significance for the development and construction of small and medium-sized urban agglomeration in the future to study the environmental changes in Beijing, Tianjin and Tang cities. In the past 30 years, with the rapid development of economy, China's cities have developed very rapidly, especially in big cities such as Beijing, where the population has increased year by year, and land use and land cover have changed rapidly. The rapid process of urbanization makes the urban disease more and more prominent, among which the urban heat island effect has attracted much attention. The main cause of heat island effect is the increase of urban hardened ground and the decrease of vegetation, which leads to the decrease of urban evapotranspiration, which leads to the decrease of latent heat and the increase of sensible heat, which leads to the rising of urban air temperature. The surface evapotranspiration is closely related to it, which is the basis of this study. This paper is based on MODIS data and meteorological data platform, based on the project "study on the impact of Large-scale Land use change on Global Climate". The inversion of surface evapotranspiration in a large area of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area was carried out by using a two-layer model of quantitative remote sensing of surface evapotranspiration. Combined with DEM elevation data and impermeable surface index data, the spatial pattern of land surface energy and the influence of different land use / cover changes on surface evapotranspiration were discussed. The results showed that the area with higher elevation was mainly affected by natural conditions, and its temperature, albedo, soil heat flux and sensible heat flux were relatively low, coverage, net radiation, latent heat flux and daily evapotranspiration were higher. The urban core areas with low elevation are mainly affected by human activities, which are characterized by high impermeable surface index, high temperature, net radiation, soil heat flux and sensible heat flux, coverage, albedo, The order of evapotranspiration of different land use types was water forest grassland cultivated land construction land in order of latent heat flux and daily evapotranspiration. The change of evapotranspiration in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan urban dense areas from 2000 to 2010 mainly presented as the decrease of urban core urban area and its surrounding area, and the increase of forest land and part of cultivated land in mountainous area. The change of evapotranspiration caused by land use / cover conversion between cultivated land, grassland and woodland in the study area was weak. The change of evapotranspiration caused by conversion of woodland, grassland and cultivated land to construction land showed a significant downward trend.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P426.2

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