21世纪初日本海洋安全战略研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 18:45

  本文选题：日本 + 海洋安全战略　； 参考：《吉林大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：海洋是国家利益的重要组成部分,海洋安全战略是维护国家权益、扩大国际影响力的关键,在国家战略中占据着核心地位。近代以来,日本在追求“大日本主义”战略目标的过程中,采取了“海洋强国”的战略模式。在“扩张——收缩——再扩张”的战略模式演变中,不断扩大本国的海上势力范围。特别是进入21世纪以来,日本的海洋扩张由隐性渐进发展向显性激进发展方向转变,其海洋安全战略进入了新的发展阶段。为了探究日本海洋安全战略发展与调整的内在逻辑和演变规律,明确其战略未来走向,本文共分为五章,通过海权论的理论视角,搭建了“地缘特性——国家定位——战略需求——战略路径——战略走向”这一日本海洋安全战略的逻辑分析框架。第一章基于地缘政治学中的海权论及其衍生理论,搭建了本文的理论分析框架。通过探析日本学界对于海权论的内化与应用过程,将西方理论与日本海洋安全实践进行了有机地结合。在不同历史时期外部环境的作用下,日本在海洋防御理论与海洋扩张理论的交替影响中,其战略模式呈现出阶段式的发展特征。但总体上可以归纳为“追求海洋大国的战略目标”、“选择与强者结盟的战略手段”和“重商主义的战略风格”三方面特征。第二章按照“地缘特性——国家定位——战略需求——战略路径”的内在逻辑,以马汉提出的海权六要素为分析模板,明确了日本的海洋地缘特性和海洋国家定位。在此基础上,解读了日本在不同时期对于海洋国家的身份认知。无论是幕府末年的“海国”、还是二战后的“不沉航母”,又或是21世纪以来的“海洋国家”,日本的这一自我定位中潜藏着贸易需求引发的的扩张性战略动机,以及对他国控制海上航路的焦虑。上述战略需求是日本在不同历史时期制定海洋安全战略的核心推动力,决定了其战略演变的内在规律,是本文推导其战略发展走向的内在逻辑基础。第三章梳理了21世纪初日本海洋安全战略实施所面临的国际体系和国内环境等现实基础,包括国际体系的大国因素、东亚区域体系的结构性因素、以及日本国内政治、经济、社会、文化等方面因素。归纳了当前日本推行“海洋强国”战略的主要战略内容,包括调整防卫态势和构建新的地缘政治理念两个方面。明确了在“海洋国家”的“国家定位”下,日本的“战略需求”在新世纪的战略环境中的表现方式,力求探究外界因素与日本海洋安全战略制定之间的相关性。第四章归纳了21世纪初日本海洋安全战略实践的四种基本路径,即双边同盟路径、多边同盟路径、区域网络路径、以及拓展潜在权力空间的新路径。在上文中提到的国际与国内新态势的共同作用下,日本将日美海权同盟作为在全球范围内拓展军事行动和提升政治地位的基础;将多边同盟对话机制和应用集体自卫权作为介入区域内海洋争端和实施军事干预的借口;以“航行自由”为突破口,以价值观外交和经济拉拢为手段,构建在印度太平洋地区的海上霸权网络,打造海上贸易通道的延伸;同时以科技外交和对外援助为诱饵,向以北极地区为代表的潜在权力空间拓展势力范围,明确了日本海洋安全战略的扩张本质。第五章在上文得出的内在逻辑与规律的基础上,预测了日本海洋安全战略的未来走向。即延续海洋扩张的发展道路,通过军力提升和经济拉拢等多重手段,完成“远交近攻”的同盟框架搭建,实现全球范围内的政治与军事大国地位,维护本国在更广阔海域内的霸权控制。在此基础上,结合这一发展趋势给我国所带来的消极影响,有针对性地提出了我国海洋安全战略发展的建议。本文以海权论为理论基础,利用“地缘特性——国家定位——战略需求——战略路径——战略走向”这一逻辑分析框架,考察了日本海洋安全战略的内在演变规律以及战略实施模式。日本的海洋安全战略受制于不同时期的外部环境因素,同时也受制于自身的海洋地缘特性、国家利益追求、国家目标设定等诸多因素。在不同时期侧重不同的利益诉求、实施手段和战略目标,呈现出“扩张——收缩——再扩张”的历史演变规律。本文将日本海洋地缘特性中所表现出的优势和劣势作为判定其国家身份和历史定位的横轴,将不同时期日本面临的国际体系结构和国内经济社会因素作为历史演变分析的纵轴,通过对日本海洋安全战略演变的回顾、现实模型的解析、以及未来趋势的研判,勾画出了日本“海洋强国”战略的发展路线图,探究了其发展的内在逻辑和演变规律。通过对内在规律和演变规律的系统性研究,可以看出日本的岛国地缘特性和由此引发的战略需求是其制定海洋安全战略的内在主导因素。这一内在因素所具有的持续性特征,导致“海洋强国”的战略模式在日本历史上各个时期都有所体现,并且在不同的外部环境和内在发展阶段中表现出不同的侧重,构成了日本海洋安全战略的发展规律。未来的日本海洋安全战略也将延续这一规律,为了实现对更广阔海域的霸权控制,正在由单纯的海洋经济大国向海洋军事大国和海洋政治大国方向推进,日本进入了新的海上霸权扩张期。
[Abstract]:The ocean is an important part of the national interests. The marine security strategy is the key to safeguarding the national rights and interests and expanding the international influence. In modern times, Japan has adopted the strategic model of "sea ocean power" in the process of pursuing the strategic goal of "great Japan". In the evolution of the strategic model of "re expansion", the sea power scope of the country is constantly expanded. Especially since the twenty-first Century, the expansion of Japan's ocean expansion has changed from implicit and progressive to dominant radical development, and its marine safety strategy has entered a new stage of development. This article is divided into five chapters. Through the theoretical perspective of the theory of sea power, the paper builds the logical analysis frame of the "geopolitical characteristics -- National Orientation - strategic demand - strategic path - Strategic Orientation". Chapter 1 is based on the theory of sea rights in geopolitics. By analyzing the internalization and application of the theory of the theory of sea power in the Japanese academic circles, the western theory is organically combined with the practice of marine security in Japan. Under the effect of the external environment of different historical periods, Japan is in the alternation of the theory of marine defense and the theory of ocean expansion. Its strategic model is characterized by stages of development, but it can be summed up as "the strategic goal of the great power of the ocean", "the strategic means of choosing the alliance with the strong" and "the strategic style of mercantilism" in three aspects. The second chapter is in accordance with the "geopolitical characteristics - the national orientation - the strategic demand - strategic path" On the basis of the internal logic of the six elements of sea power proposed by Mahan as an analysis template, the marine geopolitical characteristics of Japan and the state of the ocean are defined. On this basis, the identity of Japan in different periods is interpreted, whether it is the "sea state" in the last year of the shogunate, or the "unsinkable carrier" after World War II, or in twenty-first Century. The "ocean state" came to Japan, and Japan's self positioning hidden the expansionary strategic motivation caused by trade demand and the anxiety of controlling the sea route in his country. The above strategic demand is the core driving force for Japan to formulate marine security strategy in different historical periods, and determined the inherent law of its strategic evolution, which is the derivation of this article. The third chapter combs the realistic basis of the international system and the domestic environment in the implementation of the Japanese maritime security strategy in the early twenty-first Century, including the major factors of the international system, the structural factors of the regional system in East Asia, and the factors such as the internal governance, the economy, the society and the culture of Japan. The main strategic contents of the current "marine power" strategy in Japan, including the adjustment of the defense situation and the construction of the new geopolitical concept, are two aspects. Under the "national positioning" of the "state of the sea", the "strategic demand" of Japan in the new century's strategic environment is made clear to explore the external factors and the sea of Japan. The fourth chapter summarizes the four basic paths of the Japanese maritime security strategy practice in the early twenty-first Century, namely, the bilateral alliance path, the multilateral alliance path, the regional network path, and the new path to expand the potential power space. Under the joint role of the new international and domestic trends mentioned above, Japan will The Japanese American sea power alliance is the basis for expanding the military action and promoting the political status in the world, and the multilateral alliance dialogue mechanism and the use of collective self-defense as an excuse to intervene in the maritime disputes and the implementation of military intervention in the region; the "freedom of navigation" as a breakthrough, with the means of value diplomacy and economic closure, is built in India. The ocean hegemony network in the Pacific region, the extension of the sea trade channel, and the lure of scientific and technological diplomacy and foreign aid as the bait, expand the sphere of power to the potential power space represented by the Arctic region, and make clear the essence of the expansion of the Japanese maritime security strategy. The fifth chapter is based on the inherent logic and laws obtained above. The future trend of Japan's marine safety strategy is measured, namely, to continue the development road of ocean expansion, to complete the alliance framework of "far reaching and close attack" through multiple means such as military promotion and economic closure, to realize the political and military power status within the world and to maintain its hegemonic control within the wider sea area. On this basis, On the basis of the theory of sea rights, this paper makes use of the theory of sea rights as the theoretical basis, and makes use of the logical analysis framework of "geopolitical characteristics - National Orientation - strategic demand - strategic path - Strategic Orientation" and the investigation of marine safety in Japan. The internal evolution of the whole strategy and the mode of strategic implementation. The marine safety strategy of Japan is subject to the external environmental factors of different periods, and is also subject to its own marine geopolitical characteristics, the pursuit of national interests, the setting of national goals, and so on. In this paper, the historical evolution law of "expansion - contraction - and expansion" is presented. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages expressed in the Japanese marine geopolitical characteristics are taken as a horizontal axis to determine their national identity and historical orientation, and the international system structure and domestic economic social factors in different periods are the longitudinal axis of historical evolution analysis. After a review of the evolution of Japan's marine security strategy, the analysis of the realistic model and the future trend, the development roadmap of the "ocean power" strategy is outlined, and the internal logic and evolution law of its development are explored. Through systematic research on the inherent laws and evolution laws, the geopolitics of the Japanese island state can be seen. The strategic demand caused by it is the inherent leading factor in the formulation of the marine safety strategy. The inherent characteristics of this internal factor lead to the strategic model of the "ocean power", which is reflected in every period of history in Japan, and shows different emphasis in the different external environment and internal development stages. It has become the law of the development of Japan's marine safety strategy. The future Japanese marine safety strategy will continue this rule. In order to realize the hegemonic control of the wider sea area, it is pushing forward from the pure marine economy country to the marine military power and the marine political power, and Japan has entered a new sea hegemony expansion period.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D731.3
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本文编号：1973804