北京市武术传统项目学校武术开展现状调查与发展对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 21:07

本文选题：武术传统项目学校 + 现状　；参考：《首都体育学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中华武术博大精深，也是中华文化的瑰宝，不论是从中国传统哲学思想、中国传统道德及中国民族精神等优秀民族文化，武术都承载着传承中华民族传统文化的历史使命。在近代武术的传承形式中如武术馆校、武术社团协会、专业队、学校、军队、流派、师承、表演、文本教材、竞赛、媒体等[1]，，学校和专业队是传承青少年武术的主要场所和组织。然而在学校、专业队等组织的武术传播过程中，武术传统项目学校又起着不可替代的作用，它不但能够在学校中普及推广武术运动，还可以传承武术精神、发扬武术道德，同时培养武术优秀人才，为武术的可持续发展培养后备人才。 “少年强，则国强”。青少年作为中华武术的传承人还处在学校教育中，武术传统项目学校是利用学校的教育优势以武术为主要运动形式，其数量和态势从一定程度上可以反映出当地的普及与发展状况。北京市是我国的政治、经济、文化中心，通过调查北京市武术传统项目学校的分布、以及数量和开展状况，整体反应出北京市青少年武术开展情况。笔者通过查阅网络文献资料和图书，发现有关北京市武术传统校的研究较少，并且发现对其他项目的研究比较多如篮球、排球，有关武术传统校方面的研究较少。北京市武术传统校在发展过程中出现如项目发展不均衡“扎堆”的情况，项目科研成果落后等现象。为此，笔者试图通过对北京市武术传统项目学校的现状进行调查，从而分析出武术传统校发展的影响因素。本论文在研究过程中主要采用了文献法、调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法，以北京市16个区县中27所武术传统项目学校的体育主管领导、教练员以及学生运动员为研究对象，对他们所在的学校现状进行调查。研究结果表明：（1）北京市中、小学武术传统项目学校级别比例合理适中，总数量较少，分布比较集中，呈现两极化现象，不利于北京市武术传统校整体发展。（2）通过调查北京市武术传统校的分布情况，发现没有中、小学连接培养的形式，以至于容易出现学员流失现象和对培养输送不利。（3）从管理模式、运行模式较来讲北京市武术传统项目学校的管理较为单一，管理机制不是十分完善。（4）通过调查发现北京市大部分小学武术传统校的训练场，基本能够满足训练需要，中学武术训练场地较好能够满足。（5）教练员科研能力较低，女教练偏多，应平衡男女教练比例，提高教练综合素质。（6）在调查传统校武术运动员时发现，运动员练习武术的原因多元化。从学生参加训练的原因上说主要是个人喜欢，其次才是为了学习武术技术动作、防身自卫。（7）各学校武术队参加比赛级别较低，不能培养学生积极进取的精神。（8）各学校选材方法以及武术的练习方法，科学化程度较低，较多采用的是经验法，学生的学习和训练矛盾较突出。建议：（1）在对北京市武术传统校评定时要严格按照《北京市体育传统项目学校管理办法》审批，扩大北京市武术传统项目学校数量规模。（2）北京是武术传统项目学校的布点应不同层次的均匀分布，尽量让不同层次的学校衔接上，做好对口升学工作，建立良好的武术竞技后备人才输送渠道。（3）教练员应采用科学和经验相结合的选材手段选择武术运动员，为培养优秀的武术运动员制定系统的、科学的训练计划。（4）在校武术教练应不断加强进修和培训，积极参加市或区里的教师活动，全面提高自身素质。（5）北京市体育局可以通过晋级式方法进行武术比赛，先在各区县比赛，然后全市进行比赛，然后代表本市参加全国比赛，还有就是定期比赛形成制度。（6）北京市武术传统项目学校的好坏与领导、教练、家长、运动员有密切关系，因此校领导要提高对武术的重视应，改变比赛成绩与重视程度的关系。争取做到领导、教练、家长、运动员紧密联系，共同做好武术传统校的发展大计。（7）武术传统校应重视推广武术段位制，让学生了解武术段位制对自身水平有一定标准，从而提高学生练习武术的积极性，促进武术运动的健康开展。（8）武术传统校作为武术为主要锻炼项目的学校要在校园形成习武之风，平时注重渗透武术理论的教育，传授武德文化，形成浓厚的武术文化氛围，一方面增强学生的体质，另一方面弘扬了民族文化、培养了青少年的爱国情操。（9）为扭转近二十年青少年体质下降的局面，北京市各中小学校应积极遵循国家颁布的有关武术项目的政策，如将武术项目进入校园，以及在中小学中推广武术操和武术段位制，成立全国武术联盟学校等举国战略。这不仅有利于提高学生的身体素质，同时还培养了青少年对中华文化的传承和爱国精神。
[Abstract]:Chinese Wushu is extensive and profound, and it is also a gem of Chinese culture. Whether it is from the traditional Chinese philosophy, Chinese traditional morality and Chinese national spirit, the martial arts are carrying the historical mission of inheriting the traditional Chinese culture. In the inheritance form of Modern Wushu, such as Wushu school, Wushu Association Association, professional team, School The army, the school, the teacher bearing, the performance, the performance, the text material, the competition, the media and other [1], the schools and the professional teams are the main places and organizations to inherit the youth Wushu. However, in the course of the dissemination of Wushu in the schools, the professional teams and other organizations, the traditional Wushu school plays an irreplaceable role, and it can not only popularize the martial arts in the school, but also popularize the Wushu movement in the school. It can inherit Wushu spirit, develop Wushu Morality, and train excellent Wushu talents, so as to train reserve talents for sustainable development of Wushu.
Youth is strong and national strong. As the inheritor of Chinese martial arts, teenagers are still in school education. Wushu traditional project schools use the educational advantages of schools as the main sports form. The number and situation can reflect the local popularization and development in a certain extent. Beijing is the politics, economy and culture of our country. The center, through the survey of the distribution of Beijing Wushu traditional project schools, and the number and the situation, the overall response to the Beijing youth Wushu development situation. By consulting the network documents and books, the author found that the research on the traditional school of martial arts in Beijing is less, and found that more Research on other projects is like basketball. There are few studies on the traditional school of Wushu. In the development process of Beijing Wushu traditional school, such as uneven development of project development and backward scientific research results, the author tries to analyze the development of Wushu traditional school by investigating the present situation of the traditional Wushu school in Beijing. Influencing factors.
In the course of the study, literature, investigation, mathematical statistics and logical analysis are used mainly in the study of the sports leaders, coaches and student athletes of 27 traditional martial arts schools in 16 districts and counties of Beijing. The research results show that: (1) in Beijing, the results of the study show that (1) in Beijing, The traditional school martial arts traditional project school level is reasonable and moderate, the total number is less, the distribution is relatively concentrated, the polarization phenomenon is polarized, which is not conducive to the overall development of the traditional Wushu school in Beijing. (2) through the investigation of the distribution of Wushu traditional schools in Beijing, it is found that the primary schools connect with the training form so that the phenomenon of cadets loss is easy to appear and the phenomenon of student loss is easy to appear. (3) from the management mode, in terms of the mode of operation, the management of the traditional Wushu school in Beijing is relatively simple, and the management mechanism is not perfect. (4) through the investigation, the training field of the traditional school of martial arts in most of the primary schools in Beijing can basically meet the training needs, and the Wushu training field in the middle school can be satisfied well. (5) Coaches have lower scientific research ability and more female coaches, should balance the proportion of male and female coaches and improve the comprehensive quality of coaches. (6) in the investigation of traditional school Wushu athletes, it is found that the athletes practice Wushu is diversified. From the reasons of students' participation in training, the main reason is that the individual likes, and the second is to learn Wushu technical movements and defend self-defense. (7 ) every school Wushu team has a low level of participation in the competition. (8) the methods of selection and practice of Wushu in various schools are low in scientific degree, and the experience method is more used, and the contradiction between students' learning and training is prominent. (1) in the evaluation of the traditional School of Wushu in Beijing, it should be strictly in accordance with "Beijing" City sports traditional project school management method > examination and approval to expand the number of Beijing Wushu traditional project schools. (2) Beijing is a traditional martial arts project school distribution should be distributed in different levels, as far as possible to the different levels of school link up, do a good job in the dialogue, build a good sports reserve personnel transportation channels. (3) teaching Training staff should adopt the combination of scientific and experience selection methods to select Wushu athletes to develop systematic and scientific training plans for the training of Excellent Wushu athletes. (4) the training and training of Wushu coaches should be continuously strengthened, and teachers should actively participate in the city or district teachers' activities and improve their own qualities. (5) Beijing Sports Bureau can pass through The promotion of the method of martial arts competition, first in the district and county games, and then the city to compete, and then represent the city to participate in the national competition, and the regular competition formation system. (6) Beijing Wushu traditional project school is good or bad with leadership, coaches, parents, athletes are closely related, therefore school leaders should improve the importance of Wushu, should be changed Change the relationship between the results of the competition and the degree of attention. Strive to achieve leadership, coaches, parents, and athletes to do a good job in the development of Wushu traditional schools. (7) Wushu traditional schools should attach importance to popularize the system of Wushu paragraph, so that students can understand the standard of Wushu paragraph system to its own level, thus improve the enthusiasm of students to practice Wushu, and promote the enthusiasm of the students to practice Wushu. The healthy development of Wushu sports. (8) the traditional school of martial arts as the main exercise of martial arts schools should form a martial arts in the school, at ordinary times pay attention to the education of the theory of Wushu, imparting the culture of martial arts, forming a strong cultural atmosphere, on the one hand, strengthening the students' physique, on the other hand, carrying forward the national culture and cultivating the young people. Patriotic sentiment. (9) in order to reverse the situation of the decline of the youngsters' Physique in the last twenty years, the primary and secondary schools in Beijing should actively follow the policies of the national martial arts projects promulgated by the state, such as the entry of Wushu projects into the campus, and the promotion of Wushu and Wushu paragraph system in the middle and primary schools, and the establishment of the National Wushu alliance school. In order to improve the physical quality of students, it also trains young people's inheritance and patriotism of Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G852

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