敦煌壁画中的椅子研究
发布时间：2018-07-25 09:49
【摘要】：敦煌壁画是我国重要的历史文化遗迹，记载了自十六国至元代的佛经变相和百姓生活场面。历经十个朝代，一千多年的悠久历史，展示了我国中古时期广阔的经济文化、科学技术等社会生活场景，反映了大量的民间艺术流传及演变。同时，敦煌壁画还涉及到了河西走廊、南亚印度、西亚波斯甚至希腊罗马等地的文化影响，佛教、道教等宗教信仰在敦煌汇合，形成了各地文化交融的空前盛世。佛教东渐影响到了家居坐具的发展，由低坐家具向高坐家具演变，以椅子为代表的兴起与发展为鉴证，同时促进了其他家具类别由低坐走向高坐，空间布局环境也随之发生变化。 敦煌壁画涵盖了众多的艺术设计观念和哲学思想，本文通过对敦煌壁画中出现的椅子为个案来阐述椅子的发展历程以及对现代椅子和西方椅子设计的影响。同时，从壁画中的椅子造型、材质、装饰特点等元素进行了解析。由于人们对外来事物的接受程度十分广泛，椅子伴随着佛教传入中原，作为高型坐具时时刻刻地影响着人们的日常起居生活，导致人们坐姿习惯产生了巨大变化。椅子的发展折射出了百姓的思想改变，从而不再坐井观天，打开大门迎接外来的艺术文化和宗教信仰，成就了我国政治经济和社会生产力的盛世繁华。 对于壁画中椅子的分析，不仅是为了追根溯源强调传统思想和敦煌文化的重要性，更是为了让设计者们不要迷失在一味地吸收西方设计思想里，坚持本国传统文化特色的前提下融入西方观念，扬长避短、取其精华、加以创新，进而拥有自己的设计思想和独特的设计理念。中国现代椅子的发展不能一味地继承或是一味地抄袭，应该脱离在技术上和外观上的过分追求，适当注重设计的内在和“天人合一”的传统思想，将椅子设计与自然坏境、生态文化有机地结合在一起，，和谐共进。
[Abstract]:Dunhuang frescoes are important historical and cultural relics in China, recording the disguised Buddhist scriptures and the living scenes of the people from the sixteenth country to the Yuan Dynasty. After ten dynasties and more than one thousand years of history, it shows the broad economic and cultural, science and technology and other social life scenes in the middle ancient period of our country, and reflects the spread and evolution of a large number of folk art. At the same time, Dunhuang frescoes also related to the cultural influence of Hexi Corridor, South Asia India, Western Persia and even Greece and Rome, Buddhism, Taoism and other religious beliefs converged in Dunhuang, forming an unprecedented era of cultural integration. Buddhism gradually affected the development of household furniture, from low-seated furniture to high-sitting furniture. The rise and development of chairs as the representative of the furniture as evidence, while promoting other types of furniture from low to high. The spatial layout environment also changes with it. Dunhuang mural paintings cover many ideas of art and design and philosophy. This paper expounds the development of chairs and their influence on modern chairs and western chairs by taking the chairs in Dunhuang murals as a case study. At the same time, from the mural chair modeling, material, decorative features and other elements were analyzed. As people's acceptance of foreign things is very extensive, chairs are introduced into Central Plains with Buddhism. As a high type of sitting equipment, it affects people's daily living life and results in great changes in people's sitting habits. The development of chairs reflects the change of people's thinking, so they no longer sit idly by, open the door to welcome foreign art, culture and religious beliefs, and make the prosperity of our country's political economy and social productive forces. The analysis of the chairs in the murals is not only to trace back to the source and emphasize the importance of traditional thinking and Dunhuang culture, but also to let designers not get lost in absorbing Western design ideas. Adhere to the premise of the traditional cultural characteristics of our country into the Western concept, take advantage of its essence, innovation, and then have their own design ideas and unique design ideas. The development of modern Chinese chairs should not blindly inherit or copy blindly, should be divorced from the excessive pursuit of technology and appearance, pay due attention to the internal design and the traditional idea of "the unity of nature and man", and combine the chair design with the natural environment. Ecological culture organically combines together, harmoniously advances together.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K879.41
[Abstract]:Dunhuang frescoes are important historical and cultural relics in China, recording the disguised Buddhist scriptures and the living scenes of the people from the sixteenth country to the Yuan Dynasty. After ten dynasties and more than one thousand years of history, it shows the broad economic and cultural, science and technology and other social life scenes in the middle ancient period of our country, and reflects the spread and evolution of a large number of folk art. At the same time, Dunhuang frescoes also related to the cultural influence of Hexi Corridor, South Asia India, Western Persia and even Greece and Rome, Buddhism, Taoism and other religious beliefs converged in Dunhuang, forming an unprecedented era of cultural integration. Buddhism gradually affected the development of household furniture, from low-seated furniture to high-sitting furniture. The rise and development of chairs as the representative of the furniture as evidence, while promoting other types of furniture from low to high. The spatial layout environment also changes with it. Dunhuang mural paintings cover many ideas of art and design and philosophy. This paper expounds the development of chairs and their influence on modern chairs and western chairs by taking the chairs in Dunhuang murals as a case study. At the same time, from the mural chair modeling, material, decorative features and other elements were analyzed. As people's acceptance of foreign things is very extensive, chairs are introduced into Central Plains with Buddhism. As a high type of sitting equipment, it affects people's daily living life and results in great changes in people's sitting habits. The development of chairs reflects the change of people's thinking, so they no longer sit idly by, open the door to welcome foreign art, culture and religious beliefs, and make the prosperity of our country's political economy and social productive forces. The analysis of the chairs in the murals is not only to trace back to the source and emphasize the importance of traditional thinking and Dunhuang culture, but also to let designers not get lost in absorbing Western design ideas. Adhere to the premise of the traditional cultural characteristics of our country into the Western concept, take advantage of its essence, innovation, and then have their own design ideas and unique design ideas. The development of modern Chinese chairs should not blindly inherit or copy blindly, should be divorced from the excessive pursuit of technology and appearance, pay due attention to the internal design and the traditional idea of "the unity of nature and man", and combine the chair design with the natural environment. Ecological culture organically combines together, harmoniously advances together.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K879.41
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