高技术产业科技投入的绩效评价分析

发布时间：2018-01-02 22:08

本文关键词：高技术产业科技投入的绩效评价分析　出处：《贵州财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从人类社会发展历程来看，任何一个国家，其发展和进步都离不开科技的影响和推动，可以这样说，最终能促使一个国家成为世界强国，使其综合实力得以实现质的提升的关键影响因素是科学技术。进入“十二五”计划后，中国正进行着一次意义重大的历史转折，中国的经济发展要从靠过多依赖资源、过度破坏环境维持经济增长的发展方式，转向由科技推动经济和社会发展的模式上来，这就需要大力发展高技术产业。但是我国在发展高技术产业的进程中，存在着阻碍该产业的发展的种种限制和困难，发展壮大我国高技术产业成为一项重要且艰巨的任务。因此对我国高技术产业进行研究，分析其现状，把握其发展趋势，寻找存在的问题，提出切乎实际、可行性高的建议，是有必要的，也是必须的。同时由高技术产业的特点可知，科技投入是该产业能否快速健康发展的决定因素，对高技术产业进行分析研究，，更多的是要对该产业的科技投入进行研究，所以本文把研究重点放到了中国高技术产业的科技投入上，对我国的高技术产业的科技投入进行分析，寻找现阶段我国高技术产业的存在的问题和限制因素以及解决办法，以期为决策者提供解决此类问题的实证依据和参考。本文首先对国内外此类研究进行分析和归纳，把握此类研究的概况，并比较各类研究间的优劣，同时对高技术产业科技投入与综合绩效分析的相关理论的阐述和有关概念的界定，主要包括效率及效率分解的概念、高技术产业的概念、科技投入的概念等，并对以往进行效率评价时采用的主要分析方法进行概述，并阐明本文分析方法的选择。在此基础上，根据中国高技术产业的的发展现状，在遵循目的性、科学性、联系性、统一性、可比性、相对对立性、可行性这七原则对我国高技术产业科技投入与综合绩效评价指标体系进行选择，运用DEA分析方法对我国高技术产业科技投入绩效进行实证分析，最后根据分析结果提出政策建议。本文的主要结论是：国内许多高技术行业尚处发展阶段的少年期，自身投入规模和产出结构不合理以及抗干扰能力较差，从筹备到生产、从投入到产出等方面都需要进行合理安排，在生产中积累经验，使整个产业发展趋于健康化。从整个产业十年间的综合效率可知，我国高技术产业在大部分年份是纯技术效率有效的，其DEA有效与否主要受规模效率的影响。对我国高技术产业各地区的情况进行了分析，发现无论是经济发展较好的东中部地区，还是较为落后的西部地区都存在效率较差的省市都存在DEA有效和非DEA有效的情况。这说明我国高技术产业的发展与所在地理位置关系不大，因为其发展所需的大部分投入都具有高流动性和无差别性，地域因素对这些资源的限制较小。从行业视角对我国高技术产业科技投入绩效进行分析时，得出的结论为，造成综合效率无效的原因有两类，纯技术无效和规模无效。对于纯技术效率无效的行业来说，在现有投入规模的情况下，管理及制度问题是关键影响因素，此类行业改进管理理念和方法、完善制度体系、提高组织管理效率，以促使此类行业在有效前面上生产，达到DEA有效。对于规模无效的行业来说，要根据实际情况扩大生产规模或者是调整投入配置及产出比例、缩减管理费用等方式实现集约化生产，以提高科技投入的绩效。
[Abstract]:From the course of development of human society, any country, the development and progress of all cannot do without the influence of science and technology and promote, it can be said that ultimately can promote a country to become a world power, the key influence factors of the comprehensive strength to achieve quality improvement is the science and technology into the "12th Five-Year" plan. China, there is a significant historical turning point, China economic development should rely on from excessive dependence on resources, development mode and excessive damage to the environment to maintain economic growth, to promote economic and social development by science and technology model, it is necessary to develop high technology industry. But in the development of China's high tech industry in the process, there are many limitations and difficulties hinder the development of the industry, development and growth of China's high technology industry has become an important and arduous task. So the research of high tech industry in China The analysis of the present situation, grasp the development trend, find the existing problems, put forward practical suggestions, high feasibility, is necessary, is also necessary. At the same time by the characteristics of the high-tech industry, investment in science and technology is the industry's rapid and healthy development of the decision factors, analysis of high technology industry, more is to conduct research on the industry investment in science and technology, this paper focuses on the investment in science and technology China high technology industry, science and technology investment of high technology industry in China are analyzed, the problems and constraints for the present stage our country high-tech industry as well as the solution to provide empirical basis and reference to solve such problems as decision makers.
This paper studies the at home and abroad are analyzed and summarized, grasp the situation of such research, and compare the advantages and disadvantages between all kinds of research, definition of related theory and analysis of investment in science and technology of high technology industry and the comprehensive performance of the paper and related concepts, including the concept of decomposition efficiency and efficiency, the concept of high-tech industry, science and technology the concept of investment, the main analysis methods adopted and evaluated the efficiency of the past are summarized, and the author analysis method. On this basis, according to the China high technology industry development status, in following the objective, scientific, relation, consistency, comparability, relative opposite. The seven principles of the feasibility of the evaluation index system of investment in science and technology of China's high technology industry and comprehensive performance, using the DEA analysis method for empirical on China's investment in science and technology of high technology industry performance Finally, the policy suggestions are put forward according to the results of the analysis.
The main conclusions of this paper are: many domestic high-tech industry is still at the stage of development of the juvenile period, its investment scale and output unreasonable structure and poor anti-interference ability, from the preparation to the production, from input to output and other aspects need to make reasonable arrangements, the accumulation of experience in production, the development of the whole industry tends to be healthy. From the comprehensive efficiency of the whole industry in ten years, China's high technology industry is pure technical efficiency in most years, the DEA is effective or not is mainly affected by the scale efficiency. The effects of various regions of high technology industry in China was analyzed and found that both the better economic development in eastern and central regions, or efficiency the poor are relatively backward western provinces are DEA and non DEA effective. This shows that China's high tech industry has little development and location relationship, because Have high liquidity and no difference of the development of most of the inputs required for these resources, less restricted geographical factors. From the analysis of China's high tech industry investment in science and technology industry from the perspective of performance, the conclusion is that the cause of comprehensive inefficiency has two kinds, pure technical inefficiency and scale is invalid. Is not valid for the pure technical efficiency of the industry, the existing investment in large scale, and the management system are the key factors that affect the improvement of management ideas and methods of such industry, improve the system, improve management efficiency, to promote effective production in front of such industry, up to DEA. For the invalid scale industry. The actual situation to expand the scale of production or adjust the input and output ratio according to the configuration, reduce management costs and other ways to achieve intensive production, in order to improve the performance of investment in science and technology.

【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F276.44;F124.3

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