中国城乡居民收入差距代际传递变动趋势:2002—2012

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:14

本文关键词：中国城乡居民收入差距代际传递变动趋势:2002—2012　出处：《中国工业经济》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：只有准确把握收入差距代际传递变动趋势,才能为理论研究和政策制定提供可靠依据。本文运用双样本工具变量法,有效整合CHIP数据和CFPS数据,修正现有研究中普遍存在的暂时性收入偏误、生命周期偏误、同住样本选择偏误,估算并分析了2002—2012年中国城乡居民收入差距代际传递变动趋势。实证结果表明:中国城乡居民收入差距代际传递呈下降趋势,但城镇居民代际传递程度高于农村居民。这一收入差距代际传递程度低于美国、巴西、日本等国,高于瑞典和中国台湾地区,在国际上处于中间水平。进一步分析不同收入群体的代际流动状况,结果显示:城镇居民收入底层和收入顶层的代际固化现象明显改善,是收入差距代际传递下降的来源;收入底层的农村居民容易陷入低收入代际传递陷阱。完善教育资助政策,增加贫困弱势群体子女的受教育机会;消除劳动力市场分割,为每一个劳动者创造平等的就业机会,是减缓收入差距代际传递趋势的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Only by accurately grasping the trend of intergenerational transmission of income gap can we provide a reliable basis for theoretical research and policy formulation. This paper integrates CHIP data and CFPS data effectively by using dual sample tool variable method. To correct the temporary income bias, life cycle bias, and cohabitation sample selection bias that are common in existing studies. This paper estimates and analyzes the trend of intergenerational transmission of income gap between urban and rural residents in China from 2002 to 2012. The empirical results show that the intergenerational transmission of income gap between urban and rural residents in China is on a downward trend. But the intergenerational transmission of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents. This income gap is lower than that of the United States, Brazil, Japan and other countries, and higher than that of Sweden and Taiwan. At the international level, the intergenerational mobility of different income groups is further analyzed. The results show that the intergenerational solidification of the bottom income and the top income of urban residents is obviously improved. It is the source of the decline of intergenerational transmission of income gap; The rural residents at the bottom of income are apt to fall into the trap of low income intergenerational transmission, perfect the education subsidy policy, and increase the educational opportunities for the children of the poor and vulnerable groups; The elimination of labor market segmentation and the creation of equal employment opportunities for every laborer are effective measures to slow down the trend of intergenerational transmission of income gap.
【作者单位】：安徽大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“收入差距代际传递变动趋势的实证研究”(批准号14BJY039) 安徽大学农村改革与经济社会发展研究院项目“农村居民收入差距代际传递变动趋势研究”(批准号ADNY201421)
【分类号】：F124.7
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出近年来,中国收人差距过大的事实已经引起学术界的氋度关注。在大量研究成果中,比较常见的是利用基尼系数度量同代人之间的收入差距,如城乡收人差距、行业收人差距,基于代际传递视角的收人差距分析却不多见。尽管这些研究成果对于本文理解收人差距本身及其变化非常

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