中国刘易斯转折点及收入分配差距演变

发布时间：2018-01-10 22:13

本文关键词：中国刘易斯转折点及收入分配差距演变　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国经济自改革开放以来历经三十多年的持续增长，使中国经济很快跻身世界经济大国行列，这也是多年来中国实行城市化和工业化的成果。然而中国经济在快速发展的同时也伴随着很多问题和困难，其中我国二元经济结构特征显著，收入分配差距不断扩大仍然是当前亟待解决的难题之一，特别是城乡收入差距尤为显著，，城乡收入比从1990年的2.20一直上升到2009年的3.33。直到2010年后出现了小幅下降，但城乡收入比仍保持在3.13的较高水平。因此，缩小城乡差距，增加农村居民收入是目前政府面临的现实而又艰巨的任务。最近几年来，国内经济快速发展的同时，“民工荒”现象相继出现在东部一些一线大城市中，大量企业遇到了招工难甚至招不到工的窘境，这样的现象起初出现在长江三角洲及珠江三角洲等发达的地区，随后甚至蔓延到一些中西部地区。这样的现象得到了国内外各界人士的广泛关注，这也使得很多经济学家着力研究我国是不是已经迎来了刘易斯转折点。刘易斯转折点的到来也标志着我国收入分配状况将发生改变，这也是缩小收入差距的良好时机。基于上述考虑，本文主要运用刘易斯转折点理论，结合我国劳动力市场出现的最新变化，分析了刘易斯转折区间我国收入分配差距变化趋势，指出虽然城乡收入差距有明显的缩小趋势，但是目前我国的收入分配差距仍然较大。本文认为刘易斯转折点并不是一个确切的时点而是一个时间段。文章采用了理论实证与经验实证相结合的分析方法，考察了我国刘易斯转折点是否已经发生。通过对劳动边际生产率的计量分析证明我国的刘易斯第一转折点发生在2003年左右，并预测我国的刘易斯第二转折点可能发生在2020年左右。在这一前提下，在理论分析基础上阐述了刘易斯转折区间内我国收入分配差距现状。日本、韩国以及中国台湾地区已经完成了二元经济结构转换，这些国家和地区已经成功跨越刘易斯转折点，收入分配差距状况也发生了明显的改变，因此他们在刘易斯转折区间前后所做的政策调整对我国具有巨大的借鉴意义。本文通过对这三个国家或地区的国际经验比较针对性的提出了推进刘易斯转折点及其缩小收入差距的一些政策建议，以促进我国中低收入人群生活水平的提高，进而推动中国经济持续稳定较快的增长。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has been growing continuously for more than 30 years, which makes China's economy quickly become one of the world's largest economies. This is also the result of urbanization and industrialization in China for many years. However, the rapid development of China's economy is accompanied by many problems and difficulties, among which the dual economic structure of China is characterized by remarkable characteristics. The widening of income distribution gap is still one of the problems to be solved, especially in urban and rural areas. The urban-rural income ratio rose from 2.20 in 1990 to 3.33 in 2009. A slight decline occurred after 2010. Therefore, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and increasing the income of rural residents is a realistic and arduous task facing the government at present. In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic economy, the phenomenon of "migrant workers shortage" has appeared in some big cities in the east one after another, and a large number of enterprises have encountered difficulties or even difficulties in recruiting workers. This phenomenon first appeared in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta and other developed regions, and then even spread to some central and western regions. This phenomenon has been widely concerned by people from all walks of life at home and abroad. This has also led many economists to study whether China has ushered in Lewis turning point. The arrival of Lewis turning point also marks a change in China's income distribution. This is also a good time to narrow the income gap. Based on the above considerations, this paper mainly uses Lewis turning point theory, combined with the latest changes in China's labor market, analyzes the trend of income distribution gap in Lewis turning point. It is pointed out that although the income gap between urban and rural areas has a clear trend of narrowing. However, the income distribution gap in China is still large. This paper argues that Lewis turning point is not an exact time point but a time period. Through the econometric analysis of the marginal productivity of labor, it is proved that the first turning point of Lewis in our country occurred in 2003 or so. And predicted that the second turning point of Lewis in China may occur in 2020. On this premise, on the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper expounds the current situation of income distribution gap in Lewis transition. Japan. South Korea and Taiwan have completed the transformation of dual economic structure, these countries and regions have successfully crossed the Lewis turning point, the income distribution gap has also changed significantly. Therefore, the policy adjustment they made before and after the Lewis turning interval has great significance for reference to our country. Through the international experience of these three countries or regions, this paper puts forward to promote Lewis turning point and. Some of its policy recommendations to narrow the income gap. In order to promote the improvement of the living standards of the middle and low income group in China, and then promote the sustained, stable and fast growth of the Chinese economy.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7

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