我国劳动收入份额持续下降原因与对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 09:24

本文关键词： 劳动收入份额国民收入分配市场机制要素分配理论　出处：《四川农业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国民收入分配和经济增长之间关系是经济学永恒主题。在当前我国经济发展水平上,按照劳动和资本要素对经济增长的贡献,我国劳动要素在国民收入分配中比重逐渐下降,劳动收入比远远低于劳动贡献比。本文在阐明研究劳动收入份额在国民收入分配中的缘由、界定研究对象之后,综述了中外学者关于对劳动份额影响因素的研究；确立了在市场机制下劳动要素按贡献参与分配的国民收入分配方式,以此构成本文研究国民收入初次分配中劳动份额的理论依据。本文通过定量分析,核算了近十几年在经济增长中资本与劳动生产要素在国民收入的贡献率,得出在当前我国经济发展水平上,按照劳动和资本对经济增长的贡献,在初次分配格局中,国民收入严重向资本倾斜,劳动收入比远远低于劳动贡献比。采用国民收入初次分配中要素分配理论,对主要发达资本主义国家初次分配数据中劳动份额展开纵向和横向比较,以主要发达国家在经济发展过程初次分配结构和要素份额特征的一般经验作为识别中国劳动与资本关系失衡的参照,判断出中国劳动份额的变动趋势、所处的阶段、发展水平。此外,还把当前实际劳动份额值与经济发展阶段中劳动份额最优值、贡献值做了比较分析,科学判断了我国劳动份额在国民收入中偏离程度。通过这些研究为科学地判别我国国民收入中劳动和资本应得份额,提高劳动收入提供了实证依据。本文还对引起劳动收入份额持续降低的影响原因做出分析,之后针对这些原因给出相应的政策建议。充分发挥市场机制在初次分配中基础调节作用,正确理解和完善在市场经济条件下按要素贡献参与分配的内涵,完善企业正常工资增长机制；政府发挥宏观调控职能,降低财政收入,调整国民收入中劳动与资本的相对份额；提高劳动者素质,增加劳动要素附加值,以期提高劳动收入份额,满足劳动者的合理利益要求。
[Abstract]:The relationship between national income distribution and economic growth is the eternal theme of economics. The proportion of labor factors in the distribution of national income is decreasing gradually, and the ratio of labor income to labor contribution is far lower than that of labor contribution. After clarifying the reason of studying the labor income share in the distribution of national income and defining the object of study, this paper summarizes the research on the influential factors of the labor share by Chinese and foreign scholars. This paper establishes the distribution mode of national income in which labor elements participate in the distribution according to contribution under the market mechanism, and thus constitutes the theoretical basis for the study of labor share in the initial distribution of national income in this paper. Through quantitative analysis, this paper calculates the contribution rate of capital and labor factors of production to national income in economic growth in the past ten years, and draws the conclusion that the current level of economic development in China. According to the contribution of labor and capital to economic growth, in the initial distribution pattern, the national income is heavily inclined to capital, and the labor income ratio is far lower than the labor contribution ratio. A vertical and horizontal comparison of the labor share in the primary distribution data of the major developed capitalist countries is carried out. Taking the general experience of the primary distribution structure and factor share characteristics in the process of economic development in major developed countries as the reference to identify the imbalance between labor and capital in China, we can judge the changing trend of China's labor share. In addition, the current actual labor share value and the economic development stage labor share optimal value, the contribution value has made the comparative analysis. The scientific judgment of the degree of deviation of labor share in national income provides an empirical basis for the scientific discrimination of labor and capital share in national income and the improvement of labor income. This paper also makes an analysis of the causes of the continuous decline in the share of labor income, and then gives corresponding policy recommendations for these reasons, and gives full play to the role of the market mechanism in the basic regulation of the initial distribution. Correctly understand and perfect the connotation of participating in the distribution according to the factor contribution under the condition of market economy, and perfect the normal wage growth mechanism of the enterprise; The government exerts the macro-control function, reduces the financial revenue, and adjusts the relative share of labor and capital in the national income; Improve the quality of workers, increase the added value of labor elements, in order to increase the share of labor income, to meet the reasonable interests of workers.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F249.24

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