东北地区优势产业协同发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 18:49

本文关键词： 东北地区优势产业协同发展　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：东北地区是我国近代工业起步较早的地区之一，经过10多年的大规模投资，形成了较为完备的工业体系。东北地区凭借良好的自然条件、丰富的自然资源、完备的工业体系等因素，形成了一些在国内外具有优势的产业。这些优势产业主要有：以优越的自然条件和工业体系为基础的农业及农产品加工业；以煤炭、石油和铁矿石等矿产资源为基础的原材料产业及原材料加工业；以辽宁沈阳机床集团、沈飞集团、吉林长春第一汽车制造厂、铁路客车制造及黑龙江齐齐哈尔轨道交通公司、哈飞汽车等为代表的装备制造业；以成本低、药材原料丰富为优势的医药制造业。东北地区优势产业的发展规模和发展水平在全国都处于较为领先的地位。这些产业发展迅猛，产值逐年提高，产业集群逐步形成，取得了不错的成绩。但是从整体上看，优势产业的发展仍然落后于发达地区，存在的问题主要有：产业链条不健全、产业结构不合理、产业布局不合理、产业发展后劲不足、产业自主创新能力水平低。政府调控经济主导性太强，产业之间关联度不高，市场条件不够充分，专业化分工程度低制约东北地区优势产业发展的重要原因。值得注意的是，优势产业之间协同、均衡的发展，不仅有助于各个产业在联动中提高自身的竞争能力，实现资源在区域合理有效的整合与共享，打破长期形成的地方保护主义，还能为社会的发展提供更多的就业岗位。而东北地区优势产业之间的互动性较弱，产业的不均衡制约了其进一步发展，在一定程度上影响了东北老工业基地的振兴。因此，加快优势产业的协同发展对于东北地区的振兴尤为重要。美国、日本、法国以及我国长三角地区、京津冀地区、西南六省区市七方协作区在产业协同方面都积累了一定的经验。基于对东北地区优势产业发展现状分析以及对国内外产业协同发展的经验借鉴，促进东北地区优势产业协同发展应该从以下四个方面着手：首先，要建立跨行政区的组织协调机制。积极推进政府职能转变，在区域组织的协调下，制定科学的产业政策。其次，，要建立统一的区域市场。完善商品市场、劳动力市场以及金融市场，促进生产要素合理流动。再次，加快产业集群化发展。细化产业分工，不断推进产业结构优化升级，大力支持中小企业的发展。最后，要推进技术创新。转变传统经济增长的观念，加大政府及企业对自主创新的支持力度，还要加快对高素质创新型人才的培育。
[Abstract]:Northeast China is one of the regions where modern industry started earlier. After more than 10 years of large-scale investment, it has formed a relatively complete industrial system. A complete industrial system and other factors have formed industries with advantages at home and abroad, such as: agriculture and agricultural products processing industries based on superior natural conditions and industrial systems; and coal, Raw material Industry and Raw material processing Industry based on Petroleum and Iron Ore Mineral Resources; Liaoning Shenyang Machine tool Group, Shenfei Group, Jilin Changchun No.1 Automobile Factory, Railway bus Manufacturing and Heilongjiang Qiqihar Rail Transit Company, The equipment manufacturing industry represented by Hafei automobile and the medicine manufacturing industry with low cost and abundant raw materials. The development scale and development level of the advantage industries in Northeast China are in the leading position in the whole country. These industries are developing rapidly, the output value is increasing year by year, the industrial clusters are gradually formed, and they have made good achievements. The development of superior industries still lags behind that of developed regions. The main problems are: the industrial chain is not perfect, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the industrial distribution is unreasonable, and the industrial development stamina is insufficient. The level of independent innovation ability of industry is low, the economic dominance of government regulation and control is too strong, the correlation degree between industries is not high, the market condition is not enough, and the degree of specialization restricts the development of superior industries in Northeast China. It is worth noting that the coordinated and balanced development of superior industries can not only help industries to improve their competitiveness in the linkage, but also realize the rational and effective integration and sharing of resources in the region. Breaking the long-standing local protectionism can also provide more jobs for the development of the society. However, the interaction between the dominant industries in the Northeast is relatively weak, and the imbalance of the industries restricts their further development. To some extent, it has affected the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Therefore, it is particularly important to accelerate the coordinated development of superior industries for the revitalization of Northeast China. The United States, Japan, France and China's Yangtze River Delta, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Based on the analysis of the present situation of industry development in Northeast China and the experience of domestic and foreign industries coordination development, we have accumulated some experience in the industrial coordination of the six provinces, cities and cities in Southwest China. To promote the coordinated development of superior industries in Northeast China, we should start from the following four aspects: first, we should establish a cross-administrative organization coordination mechanism, actively promote the transformation of government functions, and under the coordination of regional organizations, Secondly, it is necessary to establish a unified regional market, perfect the commodity market, labor market and financial market, and promote the rational flow of production elements. Thirdly, accelerate the development of industrial cluster and refine the division of labor. We should constantly promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, vigorously support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Finally, we should promote technological innovation, change the traditional concept of economic growth, and increase the support of the government and enterprises for independent innovation. It is also necessary to speed up the cultivation of high-quality and innovative talents.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

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