法外经济转型:公共制度中的腐败、信任与中东欧转轨国家的非正规经济

发布时间：2018-02-21 02:24

本文关键词： 非正规经济中东欧国家公共制度腐败信任　出处：《国外理论动态》2014年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章考察了中东欧后共产主义国家中非正规经济的作用。非正规经济一方面被界定为在法律之外的(常常是违法的)但却是货币化的"黑色经济",另一方面又被界定为在法规监管之外的非货币化的和非法的"家庭经济"和"社会经济"。文章发现,在一些国家,黑色经济对于支持家庭收入发挥着非常重要的作用,而在另一些国家,家庭经济或社会经济则占据支配地位。在第三种类型的国家中,正规经济则支配着其他经济。文章研究了哪些民众参与了这些各不相同的经济,结论认为,家庭经济和社会经济对于穷人、老人和农村地区的居民起到了社会安全网的作用,而黑色经济则是那些状况已经好转的民众进一步提高收入的选择。文章发现,更大规模地参与非正规经济与公共制度信任的流失和腐败感知程度的提高存在相关性。因此本文认为,法外经济活动会导致对国家信任的下降,虽然这种情况在各国之间存在较大差异。
[Abstract]:The article examines the role of the informal economy in the post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. On the one hand, the informal economy is defined as a "black economy" outside the law (often illegal) but, on the other hand, it is monetized. Defined as non-monetized and illegal "family economy" and "social economy" outside regulatory regulation. In some countries, the black economy plays a very important role in supporting household income, while in others, the family economy or social economy dominates. The formal economy dominates other economies. The article examines which people participate in these diverse economies, and concludes that the family economy and social economy act as a social safety net for the poor, the elderly and the inhabitants of rural areas. The black economy, on the other hand, is the choice for those who have improved their incomes. Greater participation in the informal economy is related to the loss of trust in public institutions and the increased perception of corruption. Although the situation varies greatly from country to country.
【作者单位】：英国阿伯丁大学;奥地利社会创新研究中心;上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院;
【分类号】：F113

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