湘西自治州脱贫发展模式及其调控政策

发布时间：2018-03-28 06:47

本文选题：湘西自治州　切入点：民族贫困　出处：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：无论是发达国家,还是发展中国家,贫困问题长期存在且难以克服,特别是在发展中国家,绝对贫困问题较为严峻,相对贫困现象日益突出。反贫困成为人类需要共同面临的历史任务。作为人口大国的中国来说,贫困人口众多,且大多集中于西部地区,尤其是西部少数民族地区,贫困问题突出且与发达地区的差距越拉越大。我国政府一直把少数民族贫困地区作为反贫困工作的重点区域。湘西土家族苗族自治州辖区8个县市中,7个县为国家扶贫重点县,州府吉首市是省扶贫重点县(市),经济发展水平和人均收入水平不仅在湖南省内甚至与全国少数民族自治州相比较而言都处于落后位置,贫困现状令人堪忧。随着新的《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020年)》的实施,我国扶贫开发迈入第五个重要阶段,同时步入全面建设小康社会的关键十年。特别是《武陵山区域发展与扶贫攻坚规划(2011—2020)》的制定,作为湖南省唯一进人西部大开发的地区以及扶贫攻坚的主战场,湘西自治州当务之急是抓住这一重要机遇,加快脱贫发展。本论文研究从现状分析入手,以2011年湘西州统计年鉴、第六次全国人口普查公报、2012年湖南省农村统计年鉴以及政府相关部门的统计数据作为研究数据来源,一方面通过选取主要经济指标,与周边市州、全国30个少数民族自治州以及湖南省和全国经济发展的平均水平进行比较,突出湘西州贫困状况的严峻性；另一方面构建湘西州贫困化地域差异评价指标体系,通过spss软件进行因子分析,计算出湘西州各县市贫困化综合分值,并利用arcgis软件对湘西州贫困化差异进行空间分析,得出湘西州贫困化空间格局,把湘西州8县(市)在空间地域上分为三种类型区：轻度贫困县、中度贫困县和重度贫困县。另外,从湘西州在政策、资源、产业等方面的有利条件以及在自然环境、基础设施、人口素质等方面的制约因素阐述脱贫发展的影响因素。并基于以上分析得到的湘西州贫困化差异三种类型区,提出旅游文化资源开发模式、特色农业发展模式、新型工业化带动模式和综合发展模式四种脱贫发展模式。最后,从增加扶贫资金投入、搞好基础设施建设、推进农业产业化、壮大旅游文化产业、加大教育培训和健全社会保障制度六个方面得出湘西州脱贫发展调控政策。
[Abstract]:Whether developed or developing, the problem of poverty persists and is difficult to overcome, especially in developing countries, where absolute poverty is a serious problem, The phenomenon of relative poverty is becoming increasingly prominent. Anti-poverty has become a common historical task for mankind. As a populous country, China has a large number of poor people, and most of them are concentrated in the western region, especially in the western minority areas. The poverty problem is prominent and the gap with the developed regions is widening. The Chinese government has always regarded the poverty-stricken minority areas as the key areas for anti-poverty work. Of the 8 counties and cities in the Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 7 counties are the key counties in the national poverty alleviation. The city of Jishou, the capital of the state, is a key county (city) in poverty alleviation. The level of economic development and the level of per capita income are in a backward position not only in Hunan Province, but also in comparison with the national minority autonomous prefectures. With the implementation of the new "China Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Program 2011-2020", China's poverty alleviation and development has entered the fifth important stage. In particular, the formulation of the Wuling Mountain Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation Program 2011-2020, as the only region in Hunan Province to enter into the large-scale development of the western region and the main battlefield for helping the poor, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture is to seize this important opportunity to accelerate the development of poverty. This paper begins with the analysis of the current situation, taking the 2011 Xiangxi Statistical Yearbook, the sixth National Census Bulletin, the 2012 Hunan Rural Statistical Yearbook and the relevant government statistics as the research data sources. On the one hand, by selecting the main economic indicators and comparing with the average level of economic development in neighboring cities, 30 national minority autonomous prefectures, Hunan Province and the whole country, it highlights the severity of the poverty situation in Xiangxi; On the other hand, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of poverty regional difference in Xiangxi, calculates the comprehensive score of poverty in each county and city of Xiangxi by spss software, and makes spatial analysis of poverty difference in Xiangxi by using arcgis software. From the spatial pattern of poverty in Xiangxi, eight counties (cities) in Xiangxi are divided into three types of regions: mild poverty, moderate poverty and severe poverty. In addition, from Xiangxi on policy, resources, The favorable conditions of industry and the restrictive factors in natural environment, infrastructure, population quality and so on, and the influencing factors of poverty alleviation and development are expounded. Based on the above analysis, three types of poverty difference in Xiangxi prefecture are obtained. The paper puts forward four development modes of tourism cultural resources development, characteristic agriculture development, new industrialization driving mode and comprehensive development model. Finally, we should increase the investment in poverty alleviation, do a good job in infrastructure construction, and promote the industrialization of agriculture. Strengthen tourism culture industry, strengthen education and training and perfect social security system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

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