达斡尔族聚集地区经济发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 20:36

本文选题：达斡尔族　切入点：民族经济　出处：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：达斡尔族是我国55个少数民族之一,总人口13.24万,主要分布在内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗、黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市梅里斯达斡尔族区和新疆塔城地区。达斡尔族拥有悠久的历史和灿烂的文化,从北抗沙俄辗转不屈,到南迁嫩江躬耕田园,到远赴西北戍边卫国,再到今天的民族和谐安居乐业,千百年来达斡尔民族气质历久弥新,已成为中华民族大家庭中一颗璀璨的明珠。随着改革开放的不断深入,达斡尔族经济的发展也迎来难得的历史机遇,在内蒙古、黑龙江、新疆分别取得了长足的发展。但是与全国多数少数民族相似,达斡尔族聚居区域有着内陆、延边、高原等特点,受环境和历史因素影响,经济发展水平仍比较落后。尽管已融入改革开放的大潮,从单一的农耕放牧走向了工业起步、商业繁荣的多产业经济发展之路,但产业结构还待优化,民族教育尚待提高,资源优势发挥未尽,生活水平相对较低,生态环境较为脆弱,经济增速仍显缓慢。以上种种,亟待改革,亟待改善。在以上背景之下,本文选取内蒙古呼伦贝尔市莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗、黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市梅里斯达斡尔族区和新疆塔城阿西尔达斡尔族民族乡三个区域,通过近一年时间的调研走访及收集相关的历史文献材料,从人口概况、生产方式、文化特点、生活水平、资源优势几个方面进行了分析,阐述了达斡尔民族经济的历史和现状。在研究了大量的调研资料之后,本文依据民族经济理论,借鉴其他少数民族地区经济发展经验,并将传统的农牧生产以及现代化生产进行比较、归纳,指出了达斡尔族经济发展缓慢的症结所在并提出发展对策。本文集中以莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗产业发展、城乡建设、民族文化教育振兴、生态环境保护四个方向提出了经济发展的具体思路,以期为达斡尔族经济社会的发展做出点滴贡献。
[Abstract]:The Daur nationality is one of the 55 minority nationalities in our country, with a total population of 132400. It is mainly distributed in the autonomous flag of the Molidawa Daur nationality in Inner Mongolia. The Daur region of Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, and the Tacheng area of Xinjiang, have a long history and splendid culture, ranging from the north to the Tsarist Russia, to the south migration of the Nenjiang River and to the frontier defense to the northwest. To today's national harmony living and working in peace and contentment, the national temperament of Daur has been old and new for thousands of years, and has become a bright pearl in the family of the Chinese nation. With the deepening of reform and opening up, the economic development of the Daur nationality has also ushered in a rare historical opportunity. In Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and Xinjiang, respectively, great progress has been made. But similar to the majority of ethnic minorities throughout the country, The Daur region has the characteristics of inland, Yanbian and highland, and its economic development level is still relatively backward due to the influence of environmental and historical factors. Although it has been integrated into the spring tide of reform and opening up, it has moved from a single farming and grazing to an industrial start. The commercial prosperity of the multi-industry economic development road, but the industrial structure is still to be optimized, the national education needs to be improved, the advantage of resources has not been brought into full play, the standard of living is relatively low, the ecological environment is relatively fragile, and the economic growth rate is still slow. There is an urgent need for reform and improvement. Under the above background, this paper selects the autonomous flag of Molidawa Daur nationality in Hulunbeir City, Heilongjiang Province, three regions, Meiris Daur nationality area of Qiqihar City and Asier Daur nationality Township of Xinjiang Tacheng. Through the investigation and visit for nearly a year and the collection of relevant historical documents, this paper analyzes the population situation, production mode, cultural characteristics, living standards and resource advantages, and expounds the history and present situation of the Daur nationality economy. After studying a large number of research materials, this paper, based on the theory of national economy, draws lessons from the economic development experience of other minority areas, and compares the traditional agricultural and animal husbandry production and modern production. The paper points out the crux of the slow economic development of the Daur nationality and puts forward the development countermeasures. This paper focuses on the development of the autonomous flag industry of the Mudawa Daur nationality, the construction of urban and rural areas, and the rejuvenation of national culture and education. Four directions of ecological environment protection are put forward in order to make some contributions to the economic and social development of the Daur nationality.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127.8

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