知识密集型服务业对中国创新经济的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 03:40

本文选题：知识密集型服务业 + 创新经济　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：在创新型国家建设被确立为我国中长期规划发展战略任务的背景下,发展和完善国家创新体系已成为当前理论界研究的热点问题。随着知识经济时代发展的不断深入,知识密集型服务业(Knowledge intensive business services,KIBS)作为知识信息服务子系统的主要部分,以其鲜明的特征正日益表现出对区域创新的显著促进作用。然而,我国服务业在整体和结构上同发达国家依然存在着很大差距。因此,深入研究我国知识密集型服务业对创新的促进作用,对于明确未来服务业发展方向,实现我国经济增长模式由资源驱动向创新驱动、服务驱动的成功转型具有重要意义。在系统梳理知识密集型服务业在创新系统中的功能和作用基础上,本文首先讨论了知识密集型服务业与区域创新之间的关系,从创新扩散、创新效率和创新能力三个维度出发,构建了知识密集型服务业对创新系统作用机制的概念模型。其次,建立了基于知识生产函数的实证模型,运用区域面板数据,从产业集聚和空间集聚两个视角就KIBS对区域创新能力的影响进行了研究,并通过引入人力资本水平及其交叉项对可能存在的人力资本门槛效应进行了探讨。第三,通过将KIBS在创新系统中的主要功能与创新生产过程相结合,探讨了KIBS作为创新系统中第二知识基和知识传播者对区域两阶段创新效率的影响,并对它们在不同阶段的表现进行了对比分析。同时,在计量模型中引入了产业结构、产业规模基础、政府支持力度、产权结构、外来知识溢出、经济发展水平和劳动力素质等控制变量对区域创新效率的影响因素进行全面分析。最后,本文基于产业关联互动视角,利用2002,2005,2007和2010年投入产出表以及相关产业技术特性构建了创新扩散矩阵,从绝对创新扩散量、单位创新扩散量、创新获取方式等方面对知识密集型服务业在产业创新网络中的贡献程度进行了分析,并进一步运用社会网络分析方法对创新扩散网络的结构特征和演化趋势进行了可视化处理。研究结果发现：(1)总体而言,知识密集型服务业集聚对区域创新能力具有积极的促进作用,但是受限于一定的人力资本水平。(2)我国知识密集型服务业对区域总体效率和研发阶段效率影响不显著,但对区域产业化阶段的效率影响显著。其中,信息传输类服务业和金融服务业对区域整体效率和产业化阶段效率有显著影响,而商务服务业和科技服务业则无显著影响。(3)我国两阶段效率发展水平不协调,产业结构、产业规模基础、外来知识溢出和劳动力素质对区域创新的总体效率起到了正向的促进作用,而政府支持力度和产权结构则对整体效率表现为负向影响。不同因素的影响作用体现在不同阶段。(4)知识密集型服务业创新扩散的总贡献量较低,但单位贡献量较高。(5)系统内创新获取方式逐渐由较为依赖自身研发的创新获取方式向依靠外部的创新扩散方式转变。(6)创新扩散网络规模趋于简单化、网络结构趋于集中化、单极化,网络的层级性增强。其中,在创新扩散方面,科学研究和技术服务业成为最主要的创新源,占据了网络的中心,其他服务业和农业分别为第二和第三创新源。而在创新吸收方面,网络分布呈现一般化、均匀化,各产业均以主要创新吸收终端的角色参与到网络中来,吸收水平较为均衡。本文的研究创新主要体现在以下几个方面： (1)构建了知识密集型服务业对区域创新系统作用机制的概念模型。国内外学者对知识密集型服务业内部知识产生和扩散、知识密集型服务业同客户间的知识产生和扩散以及不同知识系统间的知识扩散机理进行了许多有益的探讨,然而并没有系统的给出知识密集型服务业对区域创新系统的作用机制概念模型。本文在先前的研究基础之上,通过将区域创新系统细化为三个维度的表现,初步构建了知识密集型服务业对区域创新系统作用机制的概念模型,既可为本文的实证研究提供分析框架,同时也为知识密集型服务业与区域创新关系的研究提供了理论参考。 (2)拓展了传统的知识生产函数,并考虑了发展中地区同发达地区在劳动力素质上的差异性。国内研究中对于区域创新能力的影响因素有许多有益的探讨,然而对于知识密集型服务业的影响重视不够。国外的理论和实证研究中充分认可了知识密集型服务业对区域创新的重要作用,但研究对象多为服务经济发达地区。考虑到我国服务业发展水平的相对滞后以及在劳动力素质上存在的差异,本文在传统知识生产函数的基础上,从集聚的视角引入了知识密集型服务业的影响,拓展了传统知识生产函数的理论内涵,并进一步引入了人力资本水平及其交叉项,对潜在的人力资本门槛效应进行检验,从而对国内外相关研究形成了有益的补充。 (3)实现了知识密集型服务业在创新系统中的主要功能与创新生产过程理论的融合。 KIBS对区域创新系统的影响主要是通过作为第二知识基和促进系统内知识扩散两方面实现的,而现有研究中,甚少有文献将KIBS的功能同创新生产过程相结合来开展研究。本文通过将两者相结合,既检验了知识密集型服务业及其细分行业对创新生产过程中不同阶段创新效率的影响,同时也为相关理论和实证研究提供了新的视角。此外,对产业结构、产业规模基础、政府支持力度、产权结构、外来知识溢出、经济发展水平和劳动素质等控制变量的影响进行了分析,为我国进一步提高创新效率、推动创新发展指明了方向。 (4)从服务业的视角研究了产业创新扩散网络的历史演变。现有技术创新扩散的研究多围绕制造业创新扩散开展研究,而相对忽视了服务业在产业创新扩散网络中的作用。同时,考虑到近十年来我国知识密集型服务业经历了快速的发展,从纵向上比较其对创新扩散的影响更具现实意义。为此,本文利用4年的投入产出表,通过构建创新扩散矩阵,从产业关联互动的视角对我国知识密集型服务业对产业创新扩散的影响进行了研究,并对产业创新网络的历史演变进行了分析,既丰富了技术创新扩散的实证研究,也能为相关研究提供更加详实的定量分析基础。
[Abstract]:The development and improvement of the national innovation system has become a hot issue in the current theoretical circles under the background of the establishment of an innovative country as the strategic task of China's medium and long term planning and development. With the continuous development of the knowledge economy era, the knowledge intensive service industry (Knowledge intensive business services, KIBS) is the knowledge information. The main part of the service subsystem, with its distinctive features, is increasingly showing a significant role in promoting regional innovation. However, there is still a big gap between China's service industry in the whole and the structure of the developed countries. It is of great significance to realize the successful transformation of China's economic growth mode from resource driven to innovation driven and service driven.
On the basis of systematically combing the function and function of the knowledge intensive service industry in the innovation system, this paper first discusses the relationship between the knowledge intensive service industry and the regional innovation. From the three dimensions of innovation diffusion, innovation efficiency and innovation ability, the concept model of the mechanism of the knowledge intensive service industry to the innovation system is constructed. Secondly, an empirical model based on knowledge production function is established. Using regional panel data, the impact of KIBS on regional innovation ability is studied from two perspectives of industrial agglomeration and spatial agglomeration. The possible human capital threshold effect is discussed through the introduction of human capital level and its cross terms. Third, through the introduction of K The main functions of IBS in the innovation system are combined with the innovative production process, and the influence of KIBS as the second knowledge base and the knowledge disseminator on the innovation efficiency of the two stage in the innovation system is discussed, and the performance of them in different stages is compared and analyzed. The influence factors such as government support, property right structure, foreign knowledge spillover, economic development level and labor quality are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, based on the perspective of industrial association interaction, this paper constructs the innovation diffusion using the input output table of 200220052007 and 2010 and the related industrial technical characteristics. Matrix, the contribution degree of the knowledge intensive service industry in the industrial innovation network is analyzed from the aspects of the absolute innovation diffusion, the unit innovation diffusion and the way of innovation acquisition, and the social network analysis method is used to visualize the structural features and the trend of the innovation diffusion network.
The results are as follows: (1) in general, knowledge intensive service industry has a positive role in promoting regional innovation ability, but limited to a certain level of human capital. (2) the influence of knowledge intensive services on regional overall efficiency and R & D stage efficiency is not significant, but it has a significant impact on the efficiency of the regional industrialization stage. Among them, information transmission service industry and financial service industry have significant influence on regional overall efficiency and industrialization stage efficiency, while business service industry and science and technology service industry have no significant influence. (3) the two stage of China's efficiency development level is not coordinated, industrial structure, industrial scale foundation, foreign knowledge spillover and labor quality to regional innovation Overall efficiency has played a positive role in promoting the overall efficiency, while the government support and property rights structure have a negative impact on the overall efficiency. The impact of different factors is reflected in different stages. (4) the total contribution of innovation diffusion of knowledge intensive services is low, but the unit contribution is higher. (5) the way of innovation acquisition in the system is gradually increased. The innovation acquisition mode depends on its own R & D to the external innovation diffusion mode. (6) the scale of the innovation diffusion network tends to be simplified, the network structure tends to be centralized, the network is single, and the network level is enhanced. In the aspect of innovation diffusion, scientific research and technical service industry become the main innovation source and occupy the center of the network. Other services and agriculture have created a new source of second and third, respectively. In the aspect of innovation and absorption, the network distribution is generalized and homogenized. All industries are involved in the network with the role of the main innovative absorption terminal, and the level of absorption is more balanced.
The research innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) constructing a conceptual model of the mechanism of knowledge intensive service industry on regional innovation system.
Scholars at home and abroad have made a lot of beneficial discussions on knowledge intensive service industry's internal knowledge generation and diffusion, knowledge intensive service industry with customers' knowledge generation and diffusion, and knowledge diffusion mechanism between different knowledge systems. However, it does not systematically give the mechanism of knowledge intensive services to the regional innovation system. On the basis of previous research, this paper constructs a conceptual model of the function mechanism of the knowledge intensive service industry to the regional innovation system by refining the regional innovation system into three dimensions, which can provide an analytical framework for the empirical research in this paper, and also for the knowledge intensive service industry and regional innovation. The study of the Department provides a theoretical reference.
(2) expand the traditional knowledge production function, and take into account the differences in the quality of labor between the developing areas and the developed areas.
There are many beneficial discussions on the influencing factors of regional innovation ability in domestic research, but not enough attention has been paid to the influence of knowledge intensive services. In foreign theories and empirical studies, the important role of knowledge intensive service industry to regional innovation is fully recognized, but most of the research objects are in the developed areas of service economy. The relative lag of the development level of the country's service industry and the difference in the quality of labor force. On the basis of the traditional knowledge production function, this paper introduces the influence of the knowledge intensive service industry from the perspective of agglomeration, expands the theoretical connotation of the traditional knowledge production function, and introduces the level of human capital and its cross item to the latent point. The threshold effect of human capital is tested, thus forming a useful supplement to the related research both at home and abroad.
(3) the integration of the main functions of the knowledge intensive service industry in the innovation system and the innovation production process theory.
The influence of KIBS on the regional innovation system is mainly achieved through the two aspects of the second knowledge base and the promotion of knowledge diffusion within the system. In the existing research, few documents combine the KIBS's function with the new production process to carry out the research. The influence of industry on innovation efficiency in different stages of innovation production also provides a new perspective for relevant theory and empirical research. In addition, the influence of industrial structure, industrial scale foundation, government support, property right structure, foreign knowledge spillover, economic development level and labor quality control variables are analyzed. Further improving the efficiency of innovation and promoting the development of innovation pointed out the direction.
(4) the historical evolution of industrial innovation diffusion network is studied from the perspective of service industry.
The research on the diffusion of technological innovation mainly focuses on the innovation diffusion of manufacturing industry, while neglecting the role of service industry in the industrial innovation diffusion network. At the same time, considering the rapid development of the knowledge intensive service industry in China in the past ten years, it is more realistic to compare the impact of the innovation diffusion in the longitudinal way. For this reason, Using the 4 year input-output table, this paper studies the influence of the knowledge intensive service industry on the diffusion of industrial innovation from the perspective of industrial association interaction, and analyzes the historical evolution of the industrial innovation network from the perspective of industrial association interaction. It not only enriches the empirical research on the diffusion of technological innovation, but also provides some related research. Provide a more detailed basis for quantitative analysis.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.3;F719

【参考文献】