中国产业结构调整的理论分析及对策建议

发布时间：2018-05-04 01:00

本文选题：产业结构调整 + 产值结构　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：产业结构、产业结构的发展演变和产业构成的布局，不仅体现着一个国家的经济发展水平，还能够凭以分析一个国家的经济发展潜力和经济发展前景。产业结构的演变是经济发展的动因，而经济发展水平同时又制约着产业结构的演变，产业结构演变与经济发展两者之间互相联系，互相作用。产业结构的合理化、高级化演变保障了经济的长期稳定发展。经济高速发展在使中国经济实力得到提高，人民生活得到改善的同时，也带来许多的问题与负面影响，究其原因与结构有关，而产业结构是经济结构中至关重要的一部分。由于中国人口众多，农业人口比例大，传统产业结构严重扭曲，其产业结构演变过程也非常特殊，同时受到多种因素影响。只有对中国产业结构演变过程进行深入与透彻地分析，，同时从主观和客观方面找出影响中国产业结构调整的因素，并实施有效的措施来解决问题，才有可能实现中国经济的快速稳定可持续发展。本文首先分析了对产业结构调整进行研究的背景和意义，对经济结构、产业结构、产业结构演变规律等相关概念做出了界定，提出了进行产业结构调整研究的必要性。其次，本文对国际产业结构调整的相关研究进行了梳理，在国际产业结构发展演变的理论分析中，阐明了国际产业结构发展演变的规律，分析了劳动力在产业间的转移和各产业产值占国民生产总值比重变化的理论依据，揭示了产业结构发展演变的内在动因，借鉴了国内著名专家学者关于产业结构调整的看法与观点。再次，本文分析了中国三大产业产值结构的形成、就业结构的演变和产业内部结构的发展，从主观推动原因和客观限制条件两个方面提出了会对中国产业结构调整产生影响的大的因素:具体有政府宏观调控和市场自我调节的互相作用、消费需求的变化和技术创新的匮乏、产业结构失衡带来的结构性失业、对外贸易的管理控制程度和资源环境的限制。最后，简单提出相应的对策建议。在本文的研究过程中，主要在就业结构的分析方法上进行了创新型尝试。从产业结构偏离度来分析中国三大产业的就业结构问题。产业结构偏离度是指各产业增加值的比重与相应的劳动力比重的差异程度，用各产业增加值比重与就业比重相比再减去1就得出产业的结构偏离度。当产业结构偏离度的绝对值越大时，就业结构与产业机构越不平衡；当产业结构偏离度的绝对值趋近于零时，就业结构与产业结构越是平衡。产业结构偏离度可以体现出产业增加值结构与产业就业结构之间的不对称程度，由此我们可以判断产业结构是否合理。
[Abstract]:The industrial structure, the development and evolution of industrial structure and the layout of the industrial structure not only reflect the economic development level of a country, but also can analyze the economic development potential of a country and the prospect of economic development. The evolution of the industrial structure is the motive of the economic development, and the level of economic development also restricts the evolution of the industrial structure. The evolution of industrial structure and economic development are interconnected and interacted with each other. The rationalization of the industrial structure and the advanced evolution guarantee the long-term and stable development of the economy. The rapid economic development has made China's economic strength improved and the people's life improved. Meanwhile, it also brought many problems and negative effects, and studied its cause and structure. The industrial structure is the most important part of the economic structure. Because of the large population, the large proportion of the agricultural population, the serious distortion of the traditional industrial structure, the evolution process of its industrial structure is also very special, and it is influenced by many factors. It is possible to realize the rapid, stable and sustainable development of China's economy by finding out the factors that affect the adjustment of China's industrial structure and implementing effective measures to solve the problems.
This article first analyzes the background and significance of the research on industrial structure adjustment, defines the related concepts of economic structure, industrial structure, industrial structure evolution law and so on, and puts forward the necessity of the research on industrial structure adjustment. Secondly, this paper combs the related research on the international industrial structure adjustment, and in the international industrial knot. In the theoretical analysis of the development and evolution of construction, the law of the development and evolution of the international industrial structure is clarified, the theoretical basis for the transfer of labor force in the industry and the change of the output value of each industry in the proportion of the gross national product (GNP) is analyzed. The internal motivation of the development and evolution of the industrial structure is revealed, and the adjustment of the industrial structure by the famous experts and scholars of the country is drawn on. Again, this paper analyzes the formation of the output value structure of the three major industries in China, the evolution of the employment structure and the development of the internal structure of the industry, and puts forward the great factors that will affect the adjustment of China's industrial structure from the two aspects of the subjective impetus and the objective constraints: the specific government macro-control and the market self-regulation. The interaction, the change of the consumption demand and the lack of technological innovation, the structural unemployment caused by the imbalance of the industrial structure, the control degree of foreign trade and the restriction of the resource and environment. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
In this paper, an innovative attempt is made in the analysis of the employment structure. From the degree of industrial structure deviation, the employment structure of the three major industries in China is analyzed. The degree of industrial structure deviation refers to the difference in the proportion of the added value of each industry and the proportion of the corresponding labor force, and the proportion of the added value of each industry and the employment. When the proportion of the proportion is reduced to 1, the industrial structure deviates. When the absolute value of the industrial structure deviation is bigger, the more unbalanced the employment structure and the industrial organization are, the more balance the employment structure and the industrial structure are when the absolute value of the industrial structure deviates from the zero, the more the industrial structure deviation can reflect the industrial added value structure and production. The degree of asymmetry between the employment structure and the industry structure can be used to judge whether the industrial structure is reasonable.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F121.3;F121.3

【参考文献】