绿色新政下中国绿色经济发展的相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 21:06

本文选题：绿色新政 + 绿色经济　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,国内生产总值飞速增长,人民生活水平不断提高。但由于长期以来,中国经济的增长很大程度上依靠不断投入的资源、能源,“两高一资”项目成为拉动经济增长的重要动力。在这种情况下,中国快速的经济增长带来了较为严重的环境问题,长久下去将严重影响中国的生态安全和能源安全。与此同时,在国际环境中,为摆脱全球经济危机的影响,探寻可持续的经济发展道路,联合国环境规划署于2008年提出了全球“绿色新政”策略,此策略被认为是人类继工业革命、信息革命后的又一大产业革命。美国、欧盟等发达国家纷纷推出各自的绿色经济发展计划,力图在新一轮全球产业升级中垄断绿色产业的核心技术,进而继续掌控其在全球经济政治舞台上的主导权。近年来,随着中国城镇化、工业化、现代化建设的不断深入,中国国民经济与社会发展对能源需求越来越大,对生态环境的影响也日益突出,二氧化碳排放总量已经跃居世界首位。在此背景下,中国政府高度重视经济增长与环境恶化的矛盾问题,并将该问题立足于中国国民经济与社会发展的根本问题。在意识形态方面,中国建立科学发展观,强调发展要以人为本,要统筹人与自然和谐发展,正确处理好经济建设、人口增长与资源利用、生态环境保护之间的关系。在政策方面,中国《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》中明确提出：“坚持把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会作为加快转变经济发展方式的重要着力点。深入贯彻节约资源和保护环境基本国策,节约能源,降低温室气体排放强度,发展循环经济,推广低碳技术,积极应对全球气候变化,促进经济社会发展与人口资源环境相协调,走可持续发展之路。”中国发展绿色经济势在必行。鉴于绿色经济概念较新,目前国内外对绿色经济的内涵及发展核心的研究仍处于初级阶段,本文力求在绿色经济理论方面进行创新,在通过文献综述及大量的资料研究的前提下,系统分析了绿色经济的内涵。绿色经济的发展离不开绿色产业的发展。本文以碳排放量为标准,认定绿色能源、绿色建筑、绿色交通、绿色工业是绿色经济发展的四大产业部门。本文试图系统、全面的阐述了绿色经济四大支撑产业的内涵,并分析了发展四大支撑产业的必要性。中国绿色经济的发展是本文研究的核心问题,本文采用理论分析与实证研究相结合的方法分别分析了中国绿色经济的发展阶段、中国绿色经济发展的影响因子、中国绿色经济发展的主要任务等内容,基本构建了中国绿色经济发展评价的实证研究体系。本文主要内容有七章,具体章节及主要内容安排如下：第一章引论,主要介绍了中国绿色经济发展的研究背景及研究意义。并对本文研究所使用的基本方法在绿色经济发展研究中的研究进行了文献综述。第二章是主体研究内容之前的理论准备。文章首先介绍了绿色经济发展的内涵、绿色经济与循环经济、低碳经济的相互关系。接着,较为详细的阐述了绿色经济发展的理论两大理论基础—库兹涅茨曲线和脱钩理论。最后,文章分析了绿色经济发展的四大领域,并对绿色能源、绿色建筑、绿色工业、绿色交通的内涵及其在绿色经济发展的重要性做了剖析。第三章简要介绍了中国绿色经济发展的时代背景(“绿色新政”浪潮),通过对部分OECD国家绿色经济发展政策的评价,找出当前全球绿色经济发展的重点内容：减少经济的碳依赖度和发展绿色经济。简要概括了当前国际社会中倡导与支持绿色经济发展的主要国际会议和国际条约,并剖析了绿色新政浪潮下全球绿色经济发展制度框架的创新。第四章侧重分析了中国绿色经济发展的现状,主要分为两个部分。一是通过脱钩理论,简要分析了中国经济发展中对资源、能源、环境的影响关系,对中国绿色经济发展阶段进行了初步评价。研究发现,2000年以来,中国国内生产总值与水资源消耗、能源消耗及二氧化碳排放量呈现相对脱钩的关系,表明中国绿色经济发展已经取得了一定的效果。二是利用IPAT模型,分别分析了中国社会经济发展与碳排放、能源消耗总量发展的特点及影响因子,并利用IPAT模型的变形模式,简要分析了中国1990-2010年间经济发展、人口、技术等各因素对环境、能源的影响因素。研究发现,1990-2010年间,中国经济发展与能源消耗之间尚不存在环境的库兹涅茨曲线,表明中国目前绿色经济发展任务仍很艰巨。第五章是全文的重点,基于上文的理论研究,确认中国“十二五”期间重点发展的绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色建筑和绿色工业这四大产业部门,并结合中国“十二五”国民经济发展规划内容确定了中国“十二五”绿色经济发展评价体系。通过层次分析法及德尔菲法确定了中国“十二五”绿色经济发展评价体系中各指标权重,并对中国2010年现状与“十二五”期末目标值进行了评价分析,最终从控制指标层面确定了中国“十二五”绿色经济发展的主要工作任务。研究发现,在绿色能源、绿色建筑、绿色交通、绿色工业四大绿色产业部门的绿色发展中,绿色工业的综合评价指数得分最高,绿色建筑、绿色交通紧随其后,绿色能源得分与前三大产业相比仍有一定差距。在“十二五”期间,中国绿色经济指标发展的重要任务是生物质能发电总装机容量、城市客源轨道交通里程、新材料产值、ETC平均覆盖率、太阳能光伏发电总容量等。而尽管2010年底,中国新型材料墙体应用已经达到了“十二五”标准,但由于该数值是比例值,新型材料推广仍不应忽视。第六章在上一章节的基础上,进一步分析中国“十二五”期间绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色建筑和绿色工业的发展路径,给出了中国“十二五”绿色经济发展的具体对策。第七章在总结上述章节内容的基础上,进一步阐述了现阶段中国绿色经济发展所面临的挑战,并给出了中国绿色经济长期发展的主要策略。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic development has made remarkable achievements, the gross domestic product (GDP) is increasing rapidly and the people's living standard is constantly improving. However, for a long time, China's economic growth depends largely on the continuous input of resources, energy, the "two high and one capital" project has become an important driving force for economic growth. Under the circumstances, China's rapid economic growth has brought more serious environmental problems, which will seriously affect China's ecological security and energy security for a long time.
At the same time, in the international environment, in order to get rid of the influence of the global economic crisis and explore the road of sustainable economic development, the United Nations Environment Programme put forward the global "Green New Deal" strategy in 2008. This strategy is considered to be human following the industrial revolution, another major industrial revolution after the information revolution. The United States, the European Union and other developed countries have been in succession. To launch its own green economic development plan, try to monopolize the core technology of the green industry in a new round of global industrial upgrading, and then continue to control its dominance in the global economic and political arena.
In recent years, with the continuous deepening of urbanization, industrialization and modernization in China, China's national economy and social development have more and more energy demand, and the impact on the ecological environment is becoming more and more prominent. The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions has become the first place in the world. In this context, the Chinese government attaches great importance to the contradiction between economic growth and environmental deterioration. The problem is based on the fundamental problem of China's national economy and social development. In ideology, China has established a Scientific Outlook on Development to emphasize that development should be people-oriented, the harmonious development of human and nature, the correct handling of economic construction, the relationship between population growth and the utilization of resources, and the protection of the ecological environment. In the Twelfth Five Year Plan of national economy and social development, China clearly put forward, "adhere to the key point of speeding up the transformation of the economic development mode by building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society." in depth the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment is carried out, energy conservation, reducing the intensity of greenhouse gas emission and development It is imperative for China to develop a green economy to develop a green economy, to promote low carbon technology, to actively respond to global climate change, to promote economic and social development and to coordinate with the environment of population and resources, and to develop a sustainable development.
In view of the new concept of green economy, the research on the connotation and the core of green economy at home and abroad is still in the primary stage. This paper tries to innovate the green economy theory. On the premise of literature review and a large number of data studies, the connotation of green economy is systematically analyzed. The development of green economy can not be separated from the green economy. This paper takes the carbon emission as the standard to identify green energy, green building, green transportation and green industry as the four major industrial sectors of green economic development. This paper tries to systematically elaborate the connotation of the four supporting industries of green economy, and analyzes the necessity of developing the four supporting industries.
The development of China's green economy is the core issue of this study. This paper analyzes the development stage of China's green economy, the influencing factors of green economic development in China, the main tasks of China's green economic development, and the evaluation of the development of green economy in China. An empirical research system.
There are seven chapters in this paper. The specific chapters and main contents are arranged as follows:
The first chapter introduces the research background and significance of the development of green economy in China, and makes a literature review on the research of the basic methods used in the research of green economic development.
The second chapter is the theoretical preparation before the subject research. The article first introduces the connotation of green economic development, the relationship between green economy and circular economy, low carbon economy. Then, it expounds the two theoretical basis of the theory of green economic development in detail - the Kuznets curve and the decoupling theory. Finally, the article analyzes the green economy. The four major areas of economic development, and the connotation of green energy, green building, green industry, green transportation and its importance in the development of green economy are analyzed.
The third chapter briefly introduces the background of the development of green economy in China ("the Green New Deal" wave). Through the evaluation of the green economic development policy of some OECD countries, the key contents of the current global green economic development are found out: reducing the carbon dependence of the economy and developing the green economy. The main international conferences and international treaties supporting the development of green economy are also analyzed, and the innovation of the framework of global green economic development under the new green policy is analyzed.
The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the current situation of China's green economic development, which is divided into two parts. First, through the decoupling theory, the relationship between the resources, energy and the environment in the development of China's economic development is briefly analyzed. The preliminary evaluation of the development stage of China's green economy has been carried out. The study found that since 2000, China's gross domestic product and water capital have been found. The relationship between source consumption, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions shows a relative decoupling relationship, which indicates that the development of China's green economy has achieved certain effects. Two the characteristics and influence factors of China's social and economic development and carbon emissions, the total development of energy consumption are analyzed by using the IPAT model, and the deformation mode of IPAT model is used to simplify the model. To analyze the factors affecting the environment and energy in China's economic development, population, technology and other factors in the past 1990-2010 years, it is found that there is no Kuznets curve between China's economic development and energy consumption in the past 1990-2010 years, indicating that the current green economic development task in China is still arduous.
The fifth chapter is the key point of the full text. Based on the theoretical research above, we confirm the green energy, green transportation, green building and green industry in China during the "12th Five-Year" period, and determine the "12th Five-Year" green economic development evaluation system in China according to the content of China's "12th Five-Year" national economic development plan. By means of analytic hierarchy process and Delphy Fa, the index weight of China's "12th Five-Year" green economic development evaluation system is determined, and the status of China in 2010 and the target value of "12th Five-Year" period are evaluated and analyzed. Finally, the main task of "12th Five-Year" green economic development in China is determined from the level of control index. It is found that in green energy, green building, green transportation and green industry, the comprehensive evaluation index score of the green industry is the highest in the green industry, green building, green traffic is followed, the green energy score still has a definite gap compared with the first three industries. In the "12th Five-Year", China's green economic indicators The important tasks of the development are the total installed capacity of biomass power generation, the mileage of urban passenger rail transit, the output value of new materials, the average coverage rate of ETC, the total capacity of solar photovoltaic power generation, etc. Although the new material wall application in China has reached the "12th Five-Year" standard in spite of the end of 2010, the new material is still popularized because the value is a proportional value. It should not be ignored.
The sixth chapter, on the basis of the previous chapter, further analyzes the development path of green energy, green transportation, green building and green industry during the "12th Five-Year" in China, and gives the concrete countermeasures for the development of green economy in China in the "12th Five-Year".
The seventh chapter, based on the summary of the above chapters, further expounds the challenges facing the development of green economy in China at the present stage, and gives the main strategies for the long-term development of China's green economy.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.5

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