网络基础设施与区域创新能力差异研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 15:23

本文选题：区域创新能力差异 + 网络基础设施的两面性　；参考：《南开大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：自我国统筹区域发展战略提出以来,区域增长差异是中国区域研究的热点,而区域创新能力差异是其根本原因。因此,探讨区域创新能力差异形成的影响因素对缩小我国区域经济发展差距具有重要意义。伴随着中国经济高速增长,中国的网络基础设施也有了很大的发展,并成为中国区域经济增长中最重要的影响因素之一。研究中国区域创新和网络基础设施的空间分布,我们可以看出网络基础设施和区域创新能力之间存在很强的空间相关性：第一,网络基础设施发达的地区同时也是中国区域经济和创新能力发达的地区;第二,具有完善网络基础设施和相似创新基础的相邻区域其创新差异不断在缩小,而网络基础设施落后和创新基础相差较远的区域群其创新差异不断在扩大。因此,研究网络基础设施和区域创新能力差异之间的内在逻辑关系对于认识区域创新能力和经济增长差异的形成具有重要作用。本研究在梳理国内外相关文献和研究中国区域网络基础设施和创新空间分布的基础上,提出了网络基础设施对区域创新能力的两面性影响：即网络基础设施对区域创新能力具有空间溢出效应和门限效应,并对其进行了理论探讨。网络基础设施对区域创新能力的空间溢出效应可以从以下两个方面来理解：第一,网络基础设施的改善会提高一个区域的投资环境,扩大区域市场规模,深化分工和提高专业化水平,从而产生知识的专业化生产部门,同时,众多创新生产要素在某个区域的集聚有利于区域内隐性知识的溢出,从而提高区域的创新生产效率,产生空间层面的技术报酬递增,在空间层面的技术报酬递增驱使和网络基础设施对空间成本的减少下,创新生产要素和高技术企业向技术水平高的区域转移并形成叠加效应,进一步吸引创新生产要素和高技术企业加速向技术水平高的地区流动,最终形成强者更强、弱者更弱的累积循环机制；第二,虽然区域创新资源对区域创新能力有重要影响,但是据知识区际可溢出理论和现实情况,隐性知识的跨区域溢出是现实存在的,也是区域创新能力差异的重要影响因素。比如陕西和江苏,2007年陕西和江苏创新投入比为1：1.4,而创新产出比却为1：4.5,因此,隐性知识的跨区域溢出对区域创新能力也有重要影响。隐性知识跨区域溢出需要满足的条件比较苛刻,完善的网络基础设施会降低空间成本,影响人力资本流动,贸易投资和往来频率,区域知识存量和文化背景导致隐性知识的跨区域溢出,最终形成了区域技术集群。另一方面,网络基础设施对发展中国家的技术吸收能力也有很大的影响,发达国家和地区的前沿技术是否能被发展中国家或者地区获得并应用于生产取决于前沿技术的溢出程度以及接受方的知识吸收能力,而接受方的网络基础设施条件越完善,则接受技术溢出的能力越强,即网络基础设施对区域创新能力具有门限效应。总体而言,网络基础设施对区域创新能力的影响具有两面性,网络基础设施对区域创新能力发展的空间溢出效应和门限效应对区域创新能力的差异性发展产生了重要影响。理论梳理完网络基础设施对区域创新能力的空间溢出效应和门限效应之后,本文对网络基础设施的两面性做了实证检验。首先,本文运用门限效应数据模型对交通基础设施的门限效应做了实证分析,结果显示区域创新能力确实具有交通基础设施门槛,其中我国东部地区和少数中部地区的交通基础设施可以有效的接受其他地区的知识溢出,而大部分中部地区和西部地区则无法有效吸收来自其他地区的知识溢出。其次,本文使用由四类不同空间权重矩阵构建的空间杜宾模型对网络基础设施的空间溢出效应做了实证检验,结果显示：1.电信基础设施在由四类空间权重矩阵构建的空间杜宾模型中对其他区域创新能力的影响都为负,说明电信基础设施对区域创新能力的集聚发展起到了重要影响,并且电信基础设施对其他区域创新能力的作用大小更大程度上受到经济发展差距、市场规模差距的影响；2.交通基础设施在由四类空间权重矩阵构建的空间杜宾模型中对其他区域创新能力的影响都为正,说明交通基础设施对区域创新能力的集聚和集群发展起到了重要作用,并且交通基础设施对周边区域创新能力的作用大小更大程度上受到交通通达性的影响。区域创新能力差异是区域经济差异性发展的内在原因,本文在理论分析网络基础设施对区域创新能力差异性发展的基础上梳理了网络基础设施、区域创新能力差异和区域经济发展差异之间的关系。最后,本文给出了政策建议、论文研究的局限及未来的研究展望。
[Abstract]:Since the strategy of regional development in China is proposed, regional growth difference is the hot spot of regional research in China, and the difference of regional innovation ability is the fundamental reason. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the factors that influence the difference of regional innovation ability to narrow the gap of regional economic development in China.
With the rapid growth of China's economy, China's network infrastructure has also developed greatly, and has become one of the most important factors affecting China's regional economic growth. The study of the spatial distribution of regional innovation and network infrastructure in China shows that there is a strong space between the infrastructure and regional innovation capability of the network. Correlation: first, the area with developed network infrastructure is also a developed region of China's regional economy and innovation ability; second, the innovation differences of the adjacent areas with the perfect network infrastructure and the basis of similar innovation are narrowing, and the innovation differences of the regional groups with a backward network infrastructure and a far difference in the innovation base Therefore, the internal logical relationship between the network infrastructure and the regional innovation ability is important to the understanding of regional innovation ability and the formation of economic growth differences.
On the basis of combing the relevant literature at home and abroad and studying the spatial distribution of regional network infrastructure and innovation in China, this paper puts forward the two effects of network infrastructure on Regional Innovation Capability: the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure to regional innovation ability, and the theoretical discussion on it.
The spatial spillover effect of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability can be understood from the following two aspects: first, the improvement of the network infrastructure will improve the investment environment of a region, expand the scale of the regional market, deepen the division of labor and improve the level of specialization so as to produce the specialized production department with knowledge, at the same time, many innovative students The agglomeration of factors in a region is beneficial to the spillover of hidden knowledge in the region, thus improving the efficiency of innovation production in the region, increasing the technological reward in the space level, increasing the technological reward in the space level and reducing the space cost by the network infrastructure, creating new production factors and high technology enterprises to the high level of technology. The regional transfer and the formation of superposition effect further attract innovative production factors and high-tech enterprises to speed up the flow of areas with high technical level, and eventually form a stronger and weaker cumulative circulation mechanism of the strong and weak. Second, although regional innovation resources have a heavy impact on regional innovation ability, the theory and current knowledge of regional spillover theory and now In fact, the cross regional spillover of tacit knowledge is a real existence, and it is also an important factor affecting regional innovation ability. For example, Shaanxi and Jiangsu, the innovation input ratio of Shaanxi and Jiangsu in 2007 is 1:1.4, and the ratio of innovation output is 1:4.5. Therefore, the cross regional overflow of tacit knowledge also has an important influence on regional innovation ability. The conditions that need to be met for cross regional spillovers are more stringent. A perfect network infrastructure will reduce the cost of space, affect the flow of human capital, trade and investment and frequency, the regional knowledge stock and cultural background lead to the cross regional spillover of tacit knowledge, and eventually form a regional technology cluster.
On the other hand, the network infrastructure has a great influence on the technological absorptive capacity of the developing countries. Whether the advanced technologies of developed countries and regions can be obtained and applied to the developing countries or regions depends on the spillover of the frontier technology and the knowledge absorptive capacity of the recipient, and the network infrastructure of the recipient. The more perfect the conditions, the stronger the ability to accept technology spillovers, that is, network infrastructure has a threshold effect on regional innovation capability.
On the whole, the impact of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability is two sides. The spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure on regional innovation ability have an important impact on the difference development of regional innovation ability.
After combing the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of network infrastructure to regional innovation ability, this paper makes an empirical test on the dual nature of the network infrastructure. First, the threshold effect of the traffic infrastructure is analyzed by the threshold effect data model, and the results show that the regional innovation ability does have an intersection. Through the threshold of infrastructure, the transportation infrastructure in the eastern part of China and a few central areas can effectively accept knowledge spillovers from other areas, while most of the central and western regions can not effectively absorb knowledge spillovers from other areas. Secondly, this paper makes space constructed by four different spatial weight matrices. The Dubin model tests the spatial spillover effects of the network infrastructure. The results show that the 1. telecommunication infrastructure has a negative impact on the other regional innovation ability in the spatial doberen model constructed by the four kind of spatial weight matrix, which shows that the telecommunication infrastructure has played an important role in the agglomeration development of the regional innovation ability. And the effect of telecommunication infrastructure on other regional innovation ability is greatly influenced by economic development gap and market size gap; 2. the influence of traffic infrastructure on the innovation ability of other regions is positive in the spatial doberen model constructed by the four kind of spatial weight matrix, which shows that the traffic infrastructure has the regional innovation. The agglomeration of capacity and the development of cluster play an important role, and the effect of traffic infrastructure on the surrounding regional innovation ability is greatly influenced by the accessibility of traffic.
The difference of regional innovation ability is the inner reason of regional economic differential development. In this paper, the relationship between network infrastructure, regional innovation ability difference and regional economic development difference is combed on the basis of theoretical analysis on the difference development of regional innovation capability. Finally, the paper gives the policy suggestions and research papers. Limitations and future research prospects.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F49;F127

【参考文献】