南非经济发展的成就与挑战

发布时间：2018-05-29 20:04

本文选题：南非经济 + 结构性进展　；参考：《学海》2014年03期

【摘要】：南非作为非洲的经济强国,在政治变革20年后,宏观经济一直保持着稳定增长势头,社会经济取得结构性进展,并成功跻身金砖国家,国际社会地位日益提升。南非经济保持宏观稳定主要归因于:与时俱进的财政和货币政策,依法治理经济,提高黑人地位,实施立足非洲融入全球的国际化战略。当前南非经济已陷入低增长、高失业、贫困悬殊的困局,主要面临劳动力供求结构失衡、产业结构发展不平衡、支撑经常项目赤字的外资结构不合理等结构性约束。为此,南非必须进行结构性变革,在矿业实现可持续发展的同时,大力发展加工制造业,通过创造更多就业岗位削减贫困;通过改善投资环境,吸引外资以多样化的方式投资南非实业。
[Abstract]:South Africa, as an economic powerhouse in Africa, has maintained a steady macroeconomic growth momentum, made structural progress in its social and economic development, and successfully joined the BRICS countries after 20 years of political change, and the status of the international community has been rising day by day. The main reasons for maintaining macroeconomic stability in South Africa are: fiscal and monetary policies with the times, governing the economy according to law, improving the status of blacks, and implementing the international strategy of integrating Africa into the world. At present, the economy of South Africa has fallen into the predicament of low growth, high unemployment and great disparity of poverty. It mainly faces structural constraints, such as the imbalance of labor supply and demand structure, the unbalanced development of industrial structure, and the unreasonable structure of foreign capital that supports the current account deficit. To that end, South Africa must undertake structural changes that, while achieving sustainable development in the mining sector, will be accompanied by a vigorous expansion of the processing industry to reduce poverty by creating more jobs, and by improving the investment climate, Attract foreign investment in a variety of ways to invest in South African industry.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所非洲研究室;
【分类号】：F147

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