水路运输项目对国民经济影响的分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:14

本文选题：水路运输业 + 国民经济影响　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：交通运输业在我国国民经济和社会发展中起着重要作用,是经济和社会发展的基础,它能够保障国民经济各产业部门正常运转,同时也是高效率现代社会化大生产的重要先决条件。水路运输具有其特有的技术经济特点和鲜明的产业特性,是综合运输体系中非常重要的组成部分的,对我国的经济社会发展起到了较为有力的支撑保障。水路运输业的发展使得我国综合交通运输体系得到了完善协调,促进了国民经济快速、健康、持续发展,在国民经济运行中的生产、流通、消费等环节起到了重要作用,其影响是广泛而深远的,对于我国经济建设各方面的顺利进行有着重要意义。我国水路运输事业在改革开放以来取得了较大发展,为国民经济的发展做出了重要贡献。水路运输行业是基础产业,是为整个社会服务的,其投资效益主要表现为国民经济效益和社会效益。但是长期以来,我国学者大多对水路运输行业对国民经济影响方面的研究重视程度不够,与此有关的研究相对较少。因此,本文把水路运输行业对国民经济的影响以及测算作为研究重点,具有较为重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文从社会效益和经济效益两个方面分别进行了闸述论证,对水路运输业对国民经济各方面的影响进行了较为系统地总结分析。社会效益采用了定性分析方法,对水路运输行业在促进地区经济发展、产业布局、主要货物运输主通道建设以及环保、节能等方面的地位和作用进行了分析研究,闸述了其社会效益。国民经济评价是按照资源配置合理的原则,从国家角度研究该项目在经济上的可行性。根据项目所在地区的社会经济、自然状况、交通运输、产业布局以及发展规划等进行综合分析研究,计算项目在评价期内可能发生的国民经济费用和效益,分析论证项目建设的可行性和经济合理性。在国民经济评价中则采用了费用、效益分析方法,计算出了港口等水运建设项目中,国民经济为建设项目付出的全部代价即费用,以及建设项目为国民经济所做的贡献即效益。在项目的效益和费用计算中,遵循费用和效益对应一致的原则、可比原则和“有项目”与“无项目”对比的原则。效益和费用的计算均采用影子价格。论文以山东省京杭运河某复线船闸工程为例,采用“有-无”对比方法,对有项目和无项目情况下发生的费用和效益分别进行了对比分析,计算中对项目费用和效益采用相同口径进行计量。从研究结果可以看出,水路运输项目产生的社会效益和经济效益是巨大的,对于经济增长起到了促进作用,增加了劳动力就业,为经济社会发展做出了重要贡献。水路运输行业在发展的同时,也对其他相关产业产生很大的拉动作用,促进了相关产业发展。水路运输业的发展对于国民经济的发展起到了巨大的支撑作用。对水路运输项目应该进行重点扶持和发展,项目的建设对于改善项目影响区的交通运输条件,改善项目影响区的经济、社会和自然环境,创造就业机会和促进腹地经济发展均具有重要意义。要充分发挥水路运输业的特点和优势,把它作为交通运输业的发展重点。
[Abstract]:Transportation industry plays an important role in the national economy and social development. It is the basis of economic and social development. It can guarantee the normal operation of all sectors of the national economy. At the same time, it is also an important prerequisite for high efficiency and modern socialized production. Water transportation has its unique technical and economic characteristics and distinctive industrial characteristics. Nature, which is a very important part of the comprehensive transportation system, has played a strong support for the economic and social development of our country. The development of the waterway transportation industry has made the comprehensive transportation system in our country perfect coordination, and promoted the rapid, healthy and sustainable development of the national economy, and the production and circulation of the national economy. Consumption and other sectors played an important role, its impact is extensive and far-reaching, and is of great significance for the smooth progress of China's economic construction.
Water transportation in China has made great progress since the reform and opening up. It has made important contributions to the development of the national economy. The waterway transportation industry is the basic industry and serves the whole society. Its investment benefit is mainly reflected in the economic and social benefits of the national economy.
But for a long time, most scholars in China have not paid much attention to the research on the influence of the water transportation industry on the national economy, and the research related to this is relatively small. Therefore, this paper has a more important theoretical and practical significance to the influence and calculation of the waterway transportation industry to the national economy.
From the two aspects of social and economic benefits, this paper has carried out the argumentation about the impact of the water road transport industry on all aspects of the national economy. The social benefit adopts the qualitative analysis method, and the construction of the waterway transportation industry in promoting regional economic development, industrial layout and main transportation main channel construction. The status and function of environmental protection, energy saving and other aspects are analyzed and studied, and the social benefits are described. The national economic evaluation is based on the principle of rational allocation of resources. The economic feasibility of the project is studied from the national point of view. According to the social economy, self condition, transportation, industrial layout and development planning of the area of the project Through comprehensive analysis and research, we calculate the possible national economic costs and benefits that may occur during the evaluation period, analyze and demonstrate the feasibility and economic rationality of the project construction. In the national economic evaluation, the cost and benefit analysis method are adopted, and the national economy is given to the construction projects in the port and other water transportation projects. In the project benefit and cost calculation, it follows the principle that the cost and benefit correspond to the same principle, the principle of comparison between the principle and the "project" and the "no project". The calculation of the benefit and the cost of the project adopts the shadow price. The paper is based on the Beijing Hangzhou canal of Shandong province. As an example of a double line ship lock project, the cost and benefit of the project and non project are compared and analyzed with the "no" comparison method. The same calibre is used to measure the cost and benefit of the project.
From the result of the study, it can be seen that the social and economic benefits of the waterway transportation project are huge, which have promoted the economic growth, increased the employment of the labor force and made an important contribution to the economic and social development. At the same time, the waterway transportation industry also has a great pull on other related industries, and promotes the development of the water transportation industry. The development of the related industries has greatly supported the development of the national economy.
It is important to support and develop water transportation projects. The construction of the project is of great significance to improving the traffic and transportation conditions in the affected areas, improving the economic, social and natural environment, creating employment opportunities and promoting the development of the hinterland economy. Focus on the development of transportation industry.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124;F552.3

【参考文献】