湖北产业结构变迁对城乡收入差距影响的研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 12:29

本文选题：产业结构变迁 + 城乡收入差距　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：产业结构变迁对居民收入分配有着重要的影响,二者之间有着紧密的联系。一般来讲,居民收入分配差距存在城市居民收入差距、城乡居民收入差距,农村居民收入差距,本文重点研究了城乡居民收入差距。本文从理论和实证两方面分析了湖北1981—2013年产业结构的变迁对城乡收入差距产生影响的原因和结果。首先,本文介绍了产业结构变迁和收入分配的相关理论,试图从理论上揭示产业结构变迁对城乡收入差距影响的内在机理,分析了产业结构影响要素边际报酬、就业结构、城镇化三个方面间接对城乡收入差距产生影响的作用机理,接着分析了湖北产业结构和城乡收入差距的现状。计算了湖北三次产业结构偏离度,分析得出第一产业结构偏离度为负数,即第一产业存在大量剩余劳动力,第二、第三产业结构偏离度为正数,还具备吸纳劳动力的能力,为缩小城乡收入差距,引导第一产业剩余劳动力向第二、第三产业转移。接着,通过泰尔指数构建了非农产业产值占比的变动对城乡收入差距影响的数理模型,分析得出非农产业产值比重的提升对城乡收入差距的影响是先扩大,然后缩小。然后,选取了非农产业占比、经济服务化水平、城乡收入差距三个变量构建VAR模型,通过协整检验得出其存在长期的协整关系,接着应用Granger因果检验和脉冲响应函数分析,得出非农产业比重和经济服务化水平都是城乡收入差距扩大的Granger原因,分别给其一个标准差的信息冲击,对城乡收入差距都保持正的影响,但作用的程度不同,其中非农产业比重的脉冲响应效应在后期有转变为负的趋势,在一定程度上和数理理论模型得出的结果吻合,使得研究结果存在佐证的关系。但第三产业在非农产业产值中占比的提高并不一定能有效缩小城乡收入差距,第三产业的发展有助于提高农村居民收入,但城市居民从中获益更大。基于以上分析,可以得出湖北产业结构变迁对城乡收入差距产生了深刻的影响。优化和调整产业结构,对缩小湖北城乡居民收入具有重要意义。本文根据湖北地区实际情况,给出相应政策建议,提出要从发展现代农业,提高城镇化质量和优化非农产业结构三条措施缩小城乡收入差距。
[Abstract]:The change of industrial structure has an important influence on the income distribution of residents, and there is a close relation between them. Generally speaking, there exists income gap among urban residents, between urban and rural residents, and between rural residents. This paper focuses on the income gap between urban and rural residents. This paper analyzes the causes and results of the changes of industrial structure in Hubei Province from 1981 to 2013 to the income gap between urban and rural areas from both theoretical and empirical aspects. Firstly, this paper introduces the theories of industrial structure change and income distribution, tries to reveal the internal mechanism of industrial structure change on the income gap between urban and rural areas theoretically, and analyzes the marginal reward and employment structure of industrial structure influence factors. The mechanism of the indirect influence of urbanization on the income gap between urban and rural areas is analyzed, and then the industrial structure and the current situation of urban-rural income gap in Hubei Province are analyzed. After calculating the deviation degree of three industrial structures in Hubei Province, it is concluded that the deviation degree of the primary industrial structure is negative, that is, the first industry has a large number of surplus labor force, the second, the third industry structure deviation degree is positive, and it also has the ability to absorb labor force. In order to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, guide the transfer of surplus labor force to the second and third industries. Then, the mathematical model of the effect of the change of output value of non-agricultural industry on the income gap between urban and rural areas is constructed through the Thiel index, and the effect of the increase of the proportion of non-agricultural industry output value on the urban-rural income gap is first enlarged and then reduced. Then, the VAR model is constructed by selecting three variables: the proportion of non-agricultural industries, the level of economic service and the income gap between urban and rural areas. The long-term cointegration relationship is obtained by cointegration test, and then the Granger causality test and impulse response function are used to analyze the VAR model. It is concluded that both the proportion of non-agricultural industries and the level of economic service are the Granger reasons for the widening of the urban-rural income gap, which gives it a standard deviation information shock, and maintains a positive impact on the urban-rural income gap, but to a different extent. The pulse response effect of non-agricultural industry has a trend of negative in the later stage, which is consistent with the results obtained by mathematical theoretical model to a certain extent, which makes the research results have a supporting relationship. However, the increase of the proportion of tertiary industry in the output value of non-agricultural industries does not necessarily reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas effectively. The development of tertiary industry helps to improve the income of rural residents, but the urban residents benefit more from it. Based on the above analysis, it can be concluded that the changes of industrial structure in Hubei have a profound impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. Optimizing and adjusting the industrial structure is of great significance to reducing the income of urban and rural residents in Hubei. According to the actual situation in Hubei province, this paper puts forward three measures to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, such as developing modern agriculture, improving the quality of urbanization and optimizing the structure of non-agricultural industries.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F121.3;F124.7

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