武汉市循环经济发展的政府行为分析

发布时间：2018-06-15 21:06

本文选题：循环经济 + 政府行为　；参考：《天津商业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪以来，世界上爆发了多起严重的环境污染事件，尤其是20世纪60年代以来，发达国家的工业化进程达到新的高峰，对资源的消耗急剧增加，对环境的破坏更加严重。由于资源供求不平衡，西方世界发生的两次石油危机，制约了其经济增长；同时，伴随着发展中国家的经济崛起和人口急剧膨胀，增加了资源需求和环境压力。特别是以“金砖四国”为代表的新兴经济体的逐渐崛起，这些国家人口众多、经济规模庞大，加剧了与老牌资本主义国家的市场争夺和资源竞争。来自以上两方面的问题对自然生态的冲击，造成了生态环境的日益恶化和自然资源的严重枯竭。循环经济的理论基础是生态经济理论。生态经济学的基础是生态原则，该原则是运用系统工程方法，以社会经济活动为主导，以经济发展为导向的，从宏观上研究生态系统与生产力系统的相互影响，揭示人类社会与自然资源关系。该理论指出必须遵循生态学的相关理论才能实现经济和社会持续的发展，社会与生态环境应该形成有机地统一起来。换言之，生态经济就是一种尊重生态和经济规律的经济。生态经济强调的是全面衡量经济社会系统和生态系统的各个影响要素，只有促进各要素全面协调发展，才能得以实现生态经济的终极目标。作为一种低碳环保的经济发展模式，循环经济在减轻自然资源压力和环境保护方面发挥着重要作用，对促进我国实现经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。由于循环经济的发展涉及到外部性问题，这就离不开政府的支持和引导。政府应该积极发挥作用，创造良好的内外部环境，促进循环经济的发展。本文的研究思路沿着“提出问题—理论综述—分析问题—实例分析”的逻辑主线，在阐述循环经济、政府行为、循环经济中的政府行为的理论基础上提出了城市发展循环经济运行中政府行为的必要性，接着分析政府对于循环经济的政策体系。最后以武汉市为例，，运用物质流方法进行较为系统的分析。本文主要创新点体现在以下两个方面：第一，在针对我国循环经济发展现状，选取武汉地区的实际数据，利用物质流分析框架，对武汉市经济活动的物质流动进行分析；第二，选取与循环经济发展相关性较强的包含物质输入和物质排放两个方面的相关指标，对武汉市的循环经济发展现状进行分析评价。通过本文可以了解到城市发展循环经济的紧迫性以及循环经济中的政府必须发挥作用的必要性，认识到若希望改善我国城市资源和环境问题，就必须充分调动政府的职能，这是拟解决的关键问题。在查阅循环经济、政府行为、城市循环经济相关理论以及国内外现有关理论研究和实践成果的基础上，本文对循环经济中的政府行为的各种理论进行综述，作为支撑点。一、在理论研究方面，参考了包括与城市发展密切相关的城市经济基础理论、城市进化理论以及循环经济理论等，实证案例分析以武汉市为研究对象，运用物质流分析在其发展城市循环经济的存在相关问题。二、本论文把对一般循环经济和城市循环经济理论和政策的定性分析以及对武汉城市发展中，循环经济过程的特殊领域的定量分析相结合，加深对问题分析的深度，增强本文论证的说服力。三、采用比较研究方法，使理论分析具有更加广阔的视野。不仅指出循环经济对于传统经济的进步之处，也结合武汉市的实际情况，并尝试借鉴国外城市的先进经验，提出有针对性的对策和建议。本文将武汉市循环经济系统的资源消耗特征按其年际变化进行比较，结果表明：武汉市经济社会发展是以消耗大量的资源和一定的环境退化为代价的，武汉GDP创造单位经济量显著低于发达国家，揭示了武汉经济的高速发展伴随着大量的资源开发和低效利用的单位物质输入，其发展经济的生态环境成本较高。因此，武汉市应积极贯彻落实科学发展观，转变经济增长方式，坚持从源头到过程以及周期结束时都实施有效控制。特别是要注意优先保护和节约使用资源，以提高资源的利用效率为核心，以科技进步为动力，在我国改革开放的历史进程中，不断加强体制创新和技术进步。
[Abstract]:Since the twentieth Century, there have been a number of serious environmental pollution incidents in the world, especially since 1960s, the industrialization process of developed countries has reached a new peak, the consumption of resources is increasing rapidly, and the damage to the environment is more serious. Because of the unbalanced supply and demand of resources, the two oil crisis in the western world has restricted its economic growth. At the same time, with the economic rise of the developing countries and the rapid expansion of the population, the demand for resources and the pressure of the environment have been increased. In particular, the emerging economies, represented by the BRIC countries, have a large population and a large scale of economy, which has intensified the market competition and resource competition with the old capitalist countries. The impact of these two problems on natural ecology has resulted in an increasingly deteriorating ecological environment and a serious depletion of natural resources.
The theoretical basis of the circular economy is the ecological economy theory. The basis of the ecological economics is the ecological principle. The principle is to use the system engineering method, take the social economic activities as the leading, and take the economic development as the guidance. It studies the interaction between the ecosystem and the productivity system from the macro level, and reveals the relationship between the human society and the natural resources. It is pointed out that the relevant theories of ecology must be followed in order to realize the sustainable development of economy and society, and the social and ecological environment should be unified organically. In other words, the ecological economy is an economy that respects the laws of ecology and economy. Only by promoting the comprehensive and coordinated development of all elements can the ultimate goal of ecological economy be realized. As a low carbon and environment-friendly economic development model, circular economy plays an important role in reducing the pressure of natural resources and environmental protection, and is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of our country's economy and society. The development of the economy involves the external problems, which can not be separated from the support and guidance of the government. The government should play a positive role in creating a good internal and external environment and promoting the development of the circular economy.
On the basis of the theory of "putting forward questions - theory summary - Analysis of problems - Case Analysis", this paper puts forward the necessity of government behavior in the circulation economy operation of urban development on the basis of the theory of circular economy, government behavior and government behavior in circular economy, and then analyzes the government's policy on circular economy. Finally, taking the Wuhan city as an example, the material flow method is used to make a more systematic analysis. The main innovation points in this paper are embodied in the following two aspects: first, in view of the current situation of the development of China's circular economy, the actual data of the Wuhan area is selected and the material flow analysis framework is used to analyze the material flow of the economic activities of Wuhan. Second, it selects two related indexes, which are strongly related to the development of circular economy, including material input and material emissions, and analyzes and appraise the current situation of the development of circular economy in Wuhan.
Through this article, we can understand the urgency of the circular economy in the development of the city and the necessity of the government in the circular economy, and realize that if we want to improve the urban resources and environmental problems in our country, we must fully mobilize the functions of the government. This is the key problem to be solved. On the basis of economic theory and the relevant theoretical and practical results at home and abroad, this paper summarizes various theories of government behavior in circular economy as a support point. First, in theoretical research, it refers to the basic theory of urban economic foundation, urban evolution theory and circular economy, which is closely related to the development of cities. The empirical case analysis takes Wuhan as the research object and uses the material flow analysis to solve the problems related to the development of the circular economy in the city. Two, this paper analyzes the qualitative analysis of the theory and policy of the general circular economy and the urban circular economy and the quantitative analysis of the special areas of the circular economic process in the development of Wuhan city. Combine, deepen the depth of the analysis of the problem and enhance the persuasiveness of this paper. Three, using the comparative research method to make the theoretical analysis have a wider field of vision. It not only points out the progress of the traditional economy, but also combines the actual situation of the Wuhan City, and tries to draw lessons from the advanced experience of the foreign cities and put forward the pertinence. Countermeasures and suggestions.
This paper compares the resource consumption characteristics of Wuhan circular economy system according to its interannual variation. The result shows that the economic and social development of Wuhan is at the cost of consuming a lot of resources and certain environmental degradation. The economic volume of the unit of Wuhan GDP is significantly lower than that of the developed countries. It reveals that the rapid development of the Wuhan economy is accompanied by the great development of the economy of Wuhan. Therefore, Wuhan should actively carry out and implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, change the way of economic growth, and implement effective control from the source to the process and the end of the cycle. Improving the efficiency of resource utilization is the core, with the progress of science and technology as the driving force, and in the historical process of China's reform and opening up, we have constantly strengthened institutional innovation and technological progress.
【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127;F205

【参考文献】