社会救助再就业人群与城镇职工的收入差距研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 08:07

本文选题：社会救助再就业人群 + 收入差距　；参考：《南京财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会舆论认为，社会救助人群不论是就业状况还是收入状况都与城镇职工存在明显差距。然而，当前理论界少有适用于社会救助再就业人群和城镇职工收入差距的研究。本文实证研究了社会救助再就业人群与城镇职工的收入差距，得出他们的收入差距一部分源自于他们本身的特征禀赋，一部分源自于这些特征的回报系数（歧视）。本文首先对社会救助人群就业与收入现状进行分析，理论解释了社会救助再就业人群收入低的原因。其次，基于问卷调查所得微观数据，使用OLS回归和百分位数回归分析两个群体收入的影响因素，结果显示，两个群体不仅在人力资本的特征变量上存在差异，而且在这些特征变量的回归系数上也存在差异，即通常我们所说的歧视。然后，使用了基于均值工资层面的Oaxaca分解、基于工资分布层面JMP1993分解和基于半参数模型的DFL分解这三种各具特色的收入差距分解方法，对城镇社会救助再就业人群与城镇职工的收入差距进行分解。Oaxaca分解结果显示，个人特征不能解释部分造成的收入差距，即歧视占总差距的57.35%；JMP1993分解结果显示，，低收入和高收入分位数上社会救助人群受到的歧视程度大于中等收入社会救助人群，总的来说歧视造成的收入差距占总差距的40%左右；DFL分解结果可视化显示，一方面，低分位数上的社会救助人群受到的歧视程度更大，另一方面，总体歧视造成的收入差距占总差距的63.82%。最后，文章分析了收入差距个人特征不能解释部分的原因，指出这些由个人特征不能解释的收入差距，一部分是由统计性歧视等歧视因素造成，一部分是由社会救助再就业人群消极被动的个性特征所造成。综合本文所有实证结果来分析，社会救助再就业人群受到的歧视没有人们感官上那么大。对社会救助人群的扶持，一是要努力促进未就业人群再就业，二是进一步缩小已就业人群收入差距。
[Abstract]:According to public opinion, there is a clear gap between the employment status and income status of social assistance people and urban workers. However, there are few researches on the income gap between the reemployed and urban workers. This paper empirically studies the income gap between reemployed people and urban workers. It is concluded that the income gap is partly derived from their own characteristic endowment and partly from the return coefficient (discrimination) of these characteristics. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation of employment and income of social relief population, and explains theoretically the reason for the low income of social assistance reemployment group. Secondly, based on the microcosmic data obtained from the questionnaire, OLS regression and percentile regression analysis are used to analyze the influencing factors of the income of the two groups. The results show that the two groups are different not only in the characteristic variables of human capital, but also in the characteristics of human capital. There are also differences in the regression coefficients of these characteristic variables, which are commonly referred to as discrimination. Then, we use the Oaxaca decomposition based on the average wage level, the JMP1993 decomposition based on the wage distribution level and the DFL decomposition based on the semi-parametric model. The results of decomposing the income gap between the urban social assistance reemployment population and the urban workers and staff show that the individual characteristics can not explain the income gap caused by part of the income gap, that is, discrimination accounts for 57.3535% of the total gap, and the result of JMP1993 decomposition shows that, On the low and high income quartiles, the discrimination degree of the social assistance population is greater than that of the middle income social assistance population. In general, the income gap caused by discrimination accounts for about 40% of the total gap. The results of DFL decomposition show that, on the one hand, On the other hand, the income gap caused by overall discrimination accounts for 63.82% of the total gap. Finally, the article analyzes the reasons why the personal characteristics of the income gap can not explain part of the reasons, and points out that these income differences, which can not be explained by the personal characteristics, are partly caused by discrimination such as statistical discrimination. Part of it is caused by the passive personality of the social assistance and re-employment population. Synthesizing all the empirical results of this paper, the discrimination of social assistance and re-employment is not as big as that of people's senses. To support the social assistance population, one is to promote the re-employment of the underemployed people, the other is to further narrow the income gap of the already employed people.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.7;F249.2

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