不同自然资源对经济增长影响的差异性研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 10:53
【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国在经济建设上取得了巨大成就。但中国的经济增长是以大量的要素投入、牺牲资源和环境为代价的。而我国资源供求关系日益紧张，资源的稀缺性制约着我国经济的进一步增长，如何充分利用资源已成为国内外学术界关注的重点。根据已有研究，本文在将自然资源分为可耗竭资源与可再生资源，可耗竭资源分为以煤、石油为代表的传统可耗竭资源和以天然气为代表的开采成本较高的可耗竭资源的基础上，深入探究在经济增长的不同阶段，各种资源对经济增长的不同影响，这将是我国提高资源利用效率的关键所在。而现有研究忽略了资源分类在不同阶段对经济增长的区别性作用。为了解决这一问题，本文基于西方经济学中的内生经济增长理论，并和资源与环境经济学中的自然资源可持续利用理论相结合，进一步揭示了自然资源与经济增长的内在关系，同时也为我国经济的可持续增长提供一定的理论支撑。 本文分为五章。第一章介绍了研究的背景和意义、本文的逻辑结构与研究方法，并回顾了古典增长理论、新古典增长理论和新增长理论对此问题的研究成果；第二章对自然资源、经济增长、资源对经济的驱动效应和约束效应等概念做了界定；第三章从理论角度分析了资源对经济增长“驱动”和“约束”的双重效应，并对不同资源约束下的经济增长阶段进行了比较，为了在不同的增长阶段都能使经济走上平稳增长的路径，本章最后探究了各种资源间替代的可能性；第四章将资源要素引入生产函数，首先进行了相应数理模型的构造，然后构建面板数据模型，在经济增长的不同阶段，实证检验了不同自然资源对经济增长影响的差异性；第五章总结了本文的结论，回顾了创新之处及需要进一步研究的问题，并提出了资源开采和利用要“因地制宜”和“因时制宜”、通过技术进步降低自然资源的开采成本、凭借制度创新提高自然资源的利用效率这三条政策建议。 基于全文的分析，我们可以看出：（1）随着煤、石油和天然气资源投入的不断增长，对应的经济增长历程分别呈现倒“U”、倒“U”和“U”型曲线轨迹；（2）从整体来看，未能找到可再生资源对经济增长驱动效应的充分证据，但相对而言，较发达地区的负向约束效应相对较弱；（3）在经济增长的不同阶段，经济增长所依赖的资源由煤、石油等传统可耗竭资源转向开采成本较高的天然气，并最终过渡到可再生资源。总之，实现由煤、石油向天然气的转换，以及可再生资源对可耗竭资源的逐步替代，，是推动我国经济持续增长的必由之路。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic construction. However, China's economic growth is at the expense of resources and environment at the expense of a large number of factors. However, the supply and demand of our resources is increasingly tense. The scarcity of resources has restricted the further growth of our economy. How to make full use of resources has become a domestic and foreign academic. Based on the existing research, this paper divides natural resources into exhaustible and renewable resources, and the exhaustible resources are divided into traditional exhaustible resources represented by coal, oil and high cost of exploitation of natural gas. The different effects of source on economic growth will be the key to improving the efficiency of resource utilization in China. The existing research ignores the difference effect of resource classification on economic growth at different stages. In order to solve this problem, this paper is based on the endogenous economic growth theory in western economics and natural resources and the nature of environmental economics. Combining the theory of sustainable utilization of resources, the internal relationship between natural resources and economic growth is further revealed, and it also provides some theoretical support for the sustainable growth of China's economy.
This article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the study, the logical structure and research methods of this paper, and reviews the achievements of the classical growth theory, the new classical growth theory and the new growth theory, and the second chapter is on the concepts of natural resources, economic growth, the driving and constraint effects of resources to the economy and so on. The third chapter analyzes the dual effects of "driving" and "constraint" on economic growth from the theoretical point of view, and compares the economic growth stage under the constraints of different resources. In order to make the economy on the path of steady growth in different stages of growth, this chapter finally explores the possibility of alternative resources among various resources. In the fourth chapter, the resource elements are introduced to the production function. First, the corresponding mathematical model is constructed, and then the panel data model is constructed. In the different stages of economic growth, the difference of the influence of different natural resources on economic growth is tested. The fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this paper, and reviews the innovation and further research. The three policy suggestions are put forward that the exploitation and utilization of resources should be "adapted to local conditions" and "according to current conditions", to reduce the cost of exploitation of natural resources through technological progress, and to improve the utilization efficiency of natural resources by system innovation.
Based on the full text analysis, we can see: (1) with the continuous growth of coal, oil and gas resources, the corresponding economic growth process is inverted "U", "U" and "U" curve trajectory, and (2) from the overall point of view, no sufficient evidence of the driving effect of renewable resources on economic growth is found, but relatively, more than that. The negative constraint effect of the developed areas is relatively weak; (3) in the different stages of economic growth, the resources that the economic growth depends on are shifted from coal, oil and other traditional exhaustible resources to higher cost of natural gas, and eventually to renewable resources. In a word, the conversion of coal, oil to natural gas and renewable resources are consumable. The gradual replacement of exhaustible resources is the only way to promote sustained economic growth in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.1;F205
本文编号：2131680
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic construction. However, China's economic growth is at the expense of resources and environment at the expense of a large number of factors. However, the supply and demand of our resources is increasingly tense. The scarcity of resources has restricted the further growth of our economy. How to make full use of resources has become a domestic and foreign academic. Based on the existing research, this paper divides natural resources into exhaustible and renewable resources, and the exhaustible resources are divided into traditional exhaustible resources represented by coal, oil and high cost of exploitation of natural gas. The different effects of source on economic growth will be the key to improving the efficiency of resource utilization in China. The existing research ignores the difference effect of resource classification on economic growth at different stages. In order to solve this problem, this paper is based on the endogenous economic growth theory in western economics and natural resources and the nature of environmental economics. Combining the theory of sustainable utilization of resources, the internal relationship between natural resources and economic growth is further revealed, and it also provides some theoretical support for the sustainable growth of China's economy.
This article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the study, the logical structure and research methods of this paper, and reviews the achievements of the classical growth theory, the new classical growth theory and the new growth theory, and the second chapter is on the concepts of natural resources, economic growth, the driving and constraint effects of resources to the economy and so on. The third chapter analyzes the dual effects of "driving" and "constraint" on economic growth from the theoretical point of view, and compares the economic growth stage under the constraints of different resources. In order to make the economy on the path of steady growth in different stages of growth, this chapter finally explores the possibility of alternative resources among various resources. In the fourth chapter, the resource elements are introduced to the production function. First, the corresponding mathematical model is constructed, and then the panel data model is constructed. In the different stages of economic growth, the difference of the influence of different natural resources on economic growth is tested. The fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this paper, and reviews the innovation and further research. The three policy suggestions are put forward that the exploitation and utilization of resources should be "adapted to local conditions" and "according to current conditions", to reduce the cost of exploitation of natural resources through technological progress, and to improve the utilization efficiency of natural resources by system innovation.
Based on the full text analysis, we can see: (1) with the continuous growth of coal, oil and gas resources, the corresponding economic growth process is inverted "U", "U" and "U" curve trajectory, and (2) from the overall point of view, no sufficient evidence of the driving effect of renewable resources on economic growth is found, but relatively, more than that. The negative constraint effect of the developed areas is relatively weak; (3) in the different stages of economic growth, the resources that the economic growth depends on are shifted from coal, oil and other traditional exhaustible resources to higher cost of natural gas, and eventually to renewable resources. In a word, the conversion of coal, oil to natural gas and renewable resources are consumable. The gradual replacement of exhaustible resources is the only way to promote sustained economic growth in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.1;F205
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