北京市低碳发展路径研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 12:28

【摘要】：随着城市人口的不断增长和规模的日益扩大,城市也会消耗大量的能源、排放大量的温室气体,全球化背景下的城市发展面临着住房短缺、交通拥堵、资源匮乏、环境退化等一系列问题,特别是由温室气体排放放量增加所导致的气候变化问题史为明显。城市低碳发展路径足指在城市经济高速发展的前提下,保持能源消耗和温室气体排放处于较低水平,寻求出一条新的发展路径,在城市发展的整个过程中,从源头、过程、末端每个环节着手,控制碳排放,实现城市的经济、社会、环境协调可持续发展。首先,本文分析了北京市低碳发展现状,二产、三产碳排放较高,其中工业和交通行业较为明显；能源消费结构仍以煤炭、石油等高碳能源种类为主,天然气等低碳排放能源占比较少；在分析碳排放变化趋势时发现,首先在碳排放增幅较大的年份,相应的经济增长率和能源消费增幅也较大,说明碳排放受经济和能源消费的影响作用；其次在能源强度纵向比较中得知,工业的能源强度最高,因此还需通过发展低碳技术,进一步提高能源利用效率；最后,人口数量及居民生活用能源消费的费增加也是碳排放增长的重要影响方面。其次,在现状分析基础上,本文使用环境影响因素[PAT模型,带入模型分析经济增长、人口数量和技术进步因素分别对北京市碳排放量的影响程度,结论得出的影响程度按大小依次为：经济增长、技术进步和人口数量。最后,根据以上现状和影响因素的分析,以低碳发展路径为依据,提出北京低碳发展的途径建议,其中包括：1、从源头上,发展新能源产业,调整能源结构；2、在消费过程中,利用新技术降低城市能耗；3、在末端,着手管理低碳发展问题,即控制人口数量和提高居民低碳意识等方面。能够改善城市环境,把握正确调整方向,把发展绿色经济、建设低碳城市作为首都未来发展并达到可持续低碳发展的长期目标。
[Abstract]:With the continuous growth and expansion of urban population, cities will also consume a lot of energy and emit a lot of greenhouse gases. Under the background of globalization, urban development is facing housing shortage, traffic congestion, and lack of resources. A series of problems such as environmental degradation, especially the history of climate change caused by the increase of greenhouse gas emissions, are obvious. The urban low-carbon development path means that under the premise of rapid development of urban economy, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are kept at a relatively low level, and a new development path is sought. In the whole process of urban development, from the source to the process, At the end of each link, to control carbon emissions, to achieve the city's economic, social, environmental and sustainable development. First of all, this paper analyzes the current situation of low-carbon development in Beijing, with high carbon emissions from the second and third industries, among which the industrial and transportation industries are more obvious, and the energy consumption structure is still dominated by coal, petroleum and other high-carbon energy sources. Low-carbon energy sources, such as natural gas, account for less; in the analysis of the trends in carbon emissions, it is found that, first of all, in the years when carbon emissions increase significantly, the corresponding economic growth rate and energy consumption increase are also large. It shows that carbon emissions are affected by economy and energy consumption; secondly, in the longitudinal comparison of energy intensity, industry has the highest energy intensity, so it is necessary to further improve energy efficiency through the development of low-carbon technologies; finally, The increase in population and household energy consumption is also an important factor in the increase in carbon emissions. Secondly, based on the analysis of the current situation, this paper uses the PAT model to analyze the impact of economic growth, population size and technological progress on the carbon emissions in Beijing. Conclusion the degree of influence is: economic growth, technological progress and population. Finally, based on the analysis of the current situation and the influencing factors above, and based on the low-carbon development path, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the ways to develop low-carbon development in Beijing, including: 1, developing new energy industry from the source, adjusting the energy structure, and in the process of consumption, Using the new technology to reduce the energy consumption of the city, at the end, we should manage the problem of low carbon development, that is, to control the population and raise the low carbon consciousness of the residents and so on. It can improve the urban environment, grasp the correct adjustment direction, take the development of green economy and the construction of low-carbon city as the future development of the capital and achieve the long-term goal of sustainable low-carbon development.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X321;F124.5

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