人力资本和能源对我国东部沿海地区经济增长的贡献研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 20:12

【摘要】：经济增长问题一直以来都备受经济学界的关注，一国或地区经济健康持续增长是国家长久发展的最关键标志。人力资本和能源是经济增长的助推器，在现代化建设中发挥着重要作用，提升人力资本水平、开发利用新能源才能保证一国在日益激烈的国际竞争中占有一席之地。自1978年以来，我国的经济发展取得了显著成绩，年均增长率高达8%以上，在2010年，我国国民经济总量超过日本，成为世界第二大经济体。国内外学者的理论研究证明，人力资本和能源是促进一个国家和地区经济增长的重要因素。我国东部沿海地区地理位置优越、资源丰富、人才集聚，随着改革开放的深入，该地区的经济增长速度和质量令世界关注。能源和人力资本在沿海地区经济增长中究竟发挥着怎样的作用？本文以舒尔茨和卢卡斯的人力资本内生经济增长理论和能源的系统资源约束理论为基础，先从定性角度分析了人力资本和能源与经济增长的关系，然后根据我国东部沿海省市1990-2010年间数据，利用多元回归模型研究了人力资本和能源消费对经济增长贡献率。研究发现在1990-2010年间，东部沿海地区的经济增长方式是物质驱动型，物质资本和能源的贡献率较高，而人力资本的贡献率较低，其规模收益递增的优势在沿海省市并没有得到发挥。但是，在我国经济增长过程中也出现了很多问题，能源供需不平衡日益凸显、环境污染不断加重，同时人力资本并没有充分发挥在经济增长中的推动作用，上述因素的存在都不利于沿海地区经济健康、持续、稳定发展。本文针对上述存在问题提出相应的对策建议，通过大力发展教育事业、发挥企业作用、建立区域人力资本共享机制来提升人力资本水平；大力开发新能源、建设节能型产业体系从而保证能源的安全供给。本论文一共分为五部分：第一部分为引言，，主要介绍了选题的背景和意义，综述了国内外学者对人力资本、能源与经济增长的关系，并对研究方法和技术路线以及创新点和不足之处进行了说明；第二部分主要概述了人力资本、能源与经济增长的理论，包括人力资本和能源的概念、特性以及相关理论。在人力资本理论方面，主要介绍了舒尔茨的人力资本理论、阿罗的“干中学”模型和卢卡斯的人力资本积累模型，在能源相关理论方面，主要介绍了资源约束论。第三部分定性分析了能源、人力资本与经济增长的关系，主要包括东部沿海地区经济增长的总体概况和能源、人力资本的发展情况；第四部分在核算人力资本的基础上，对能源、人力资本在沿海省市经济增长的贡献率进行了实证研究；第五部分针对上面研究中出现的问题，有针对性的提出了对策建议。
[Abstract]:The problem of economic growth has always been concerned by the economists. The healthy and sustained economic growth of a country or region is the most important symbol of a country's long-term development. Human capital and energy are the boosters of economic growth and play an important role in the modernization construction. Only by improving the level of human capital and exploiting new energy can a country have a place in the increasingly fierce international competition. Since 1978, China has made remarkable achievements in economic development, with an average annual growth rate of more than 8%. In 2010, the total amount of our national economy surpassed that of Japan and became the second largest economy in the world. The theoretical research of scholars at home and abroad proves that human capital and energy are important factors to promote the economic growth of a country or region. Along with the deepening of reform and opening up, the economic growth rate and quality of the eastern coastal areas of China have attracted the attention of the world. What role does energy and human capital play in the economic growth of coastal areas? Based on Schultz and Lucas' theory of endogenous economic growth of human capital and systematic resource constraint theory of energy, this paper first analyzes the relationship between human capital and energy and economic growth from a qualitative point of view. Then, according to the data from 1990 to 2010, the contribution rate of human capital and energy consumption to economic growth is studied by using multivariate regression model. The study found that in the period 1990-2010, the economic growth pattern of the eastern coastal area is material-driven, the contribution rate of material capital and energy is higher, but the contribution rate of human capital is low. The advantage of increasing returns on scale has not been brought into play in coastal provinces and cities. However, there are also many problems in the process of economic growth in our country. The imbalance of energy supply and demand is becoming increasingly prominent, environmental pollution is increasing, and human capital has not fully played a role in promoting economic growth. The existence of these factors is not conducive to the healthy, sustained and stable economic development of coastal areas. According to the above problems, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, through vigorously developing education, giving play to the role of enterprises, establishing regional human capital sharing mechanism to improve the level of human capital; Vigorously develop new energy, build energy-efficient industrial system to ensure the safe supply of energy. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic, summarizes the relationship between domestic and foreign scholars on human capital, energy and economic growth. At the same time, the research method and technical route, innovation points and shortcomings are explained. The second part mainly summarizes the theories of human capital, energy and economic growth, including the concept, characteristics and related theories of human capital and energy. In terms of human capital theory, this paper mainly introduces Schultz's human capital theory, Arrow's "dry middle school" model and Lucas' human capital accumulation model, and mainly introduces resource constraint theory in energy related theory. The third part qualitatively analyzes the relationship between energy, human capital and economic growth, including the general situation of economic growth in the eastern coastal areas and energy, the development of human capital; The fourth part of the accounting of human capital on the basis of energy, human capital in coastal provinces and cities economic growth contribution rate of empirical research; the fifth part of the above research problems, targeted to put forward countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127;F249.27

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