藏族传统经济思想研究初探

发布时间：2018-11-14 08:11

【摘要】：藏族传统经济思想有着藏民族的鲜明特色。佛教传入藏区,经过和苯教的相争相融后,佛教渗透到藏族社会的政治、经济、文化等各个方面并产生了深远的影响。在藏学的研究中,对于藏族宗教、历史、政治、文学、绘画、天文历算、医学等领域的研究比比皆是。但是,对藏族经济生活的关注度相对较低,以致于其他民族的成员往往认为藏族只是一个“逐水草而居”的游牧民族,对藏族多元化经济类型的认识明显不足。实际上,在长期生产实践中,藏族地区恶劣的自然环境、多样的经济类型和强大的宗教影响力等因素使藏族形成了独特的经济思想。首先,论文通过回顾和总结中外学者在藏族经济研究的最新成果,确立了藏族传统经济思想研究在空间上以西藏为主,以青海、甘南、川西、滇西北四大藏区为辅；在时间上从吐蕃时期到西藏民主改革为止。宗教对于藏族经济生活的影响,及其在藏族传统经济思想中的反映作为研究的切入点,并对研究思路和研究方法做出简要介绍。其次,论文从藏族传统经济思想的历史形成展开,对藏族传统社会中的社会经济条件、文化背景和政治条件进行简要分析,并对藏族经济活动中体现出的经济思想进行初步总结。研究认为藏族传统经济思想的内容丰富,如农牧并重思想、重义轻利的商业思想、神圣与世俗二元性并存的寺院经济观念、崇俭的民众生存性消费思想、倾其所有的民众宗教性消费思想、宗教禁忌影响下索取有度的开发观、禁杀生与倡放生观念等。这些观念都是藏族在封闭恶劣自然环境中,在宗教的影响下缓慢形成的,是具有藏民族鲜明特色的传统经济思想。最后,论文分析了藏族传统经济思想在现代化经济发展过程中,两者之间的冲突与契合的双向关系。研究者认为,在藏区现代化进程中,只有清楚认识藏族传统经济思想的精华和现代化发展理念之间的共通之处,使藏族增强对中国特色社会主义现代化建设的认同感,才能更好地投身到藏区现代化建设之中,与全国人民同步实现小康社会建设目标。在这一认识基础上,同时阐述了影响藏族传统经济思想的藏传佛教,在藏区现代化过程中对南亚诸国区域经济发展和生态环境保护方面作出的重要贡献,并进一步探讨了藏族传统经济思想精华在现代化背景下的时代价值。
[Abstract]:The Tibetan traditional economic thought has the distinct characteristic of the Tibetan nationality. After Buddhism was introduced into Tibetan areas, Buddhism penetrated into the politics, economy, culture and other aspects of Tibetan society and had a profound impact. In Tibetan studies, studies of Tibetan religion, history, politics, literature, painting, astronomical almanac, medicine and other fields abound. However, the attention to Tibetan economic life is relatively low, so that the members of other ethnic groups often think that the Tibetan nationality is only a nomadic people "living in the water and grass", and the understanding of Tibetan diversified economic types is obviously insufficient. In fact, in the long-term production practice, the abominable natural environment, various economic types and powerful religious influence in Tibetan areas have made the Tibetan people form their unique economic thoughts. First of all, by reviewing and summarizing the latest achievements of Chinese and foreign scholars in Tibetan economic research, the paper establishes that Tibetan traditional economic thought research is mainly Tibet in space, supplemented by Qinghai, Gannan, western Sichuan and northwest Yunnan. In time, from the Tubo period to Tibet's democratic reform. The influence of religion on Tibetan economic life and its reflection in Tibetan traditional economic thought are regarded as the starting point of the research, and a brief introduction is made to the research ideas and methods. Secondly, the paper analyzes the social and economic conditions, cultural background and political conditions of Tibetan traditional society from the historical formation of Tibetan traditional economic thought. And the Tibetan economic activities reflected in the preliminary summary of economic thinking. The study holds that the Tibetan traditional economic thoughts are rich in contents, such as the thought of attaching equal importance to agriculture and animal husbandry, the commercial thought of emphasizing justice and light profit, the monastery economic concept of the coexistence of sacredness and secular duality, and the thought of living and consumption of the people who respect thrift. All of its religious consumption ideas, religious taboos under the influence of demand degree of development, the prohibition of killing and advocating the concept of life, and so on. These ideas are formed slowly by Tibetan people under the influence of religion in closed and abominable natural environment, and they are traditional economic thoughts with distinct characteristics of Tibetan nationality. Finally, the paper analyzes the two-way relationship between the traditional Tibetan economic ideas in the process of modern economic development. The researchers believe that in the process of modernization of Tibetan areas, only by clearly understanding the common ground between the essence of traditional Tibetan economic thinking and the concept of modernization development, can Tibetans strengthen their sense of identity in the construction of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. Only then can we better devote ourselves to the modernization of Tibetan areas and realize the goal of building a well-off society at the same time as the people of the whole country. On the basis of this understanding, at the same time, it expounds the important contributions made by Tibetan Buddhism, which influences Tibetan traditional economic thinking, to the regional economic development and ecological environment protection of the countries of South Asia in the process of modernization of the Tibetan region. And further discussed the Tibetan traditional economic thought essence under the modernization background the time value.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127.8

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