清代河南仓储研究

发布时间：2018-12-06 10:55

【摘要】：粮食储备状况是反映粮食安全水平的一个重要指标,对于这样一个人口众多、区域间粮食供求差异较大、粮食物流条件相对薄弱的河南地区来说,保持相对比较高的粮食储备水平是很必要的。清代河南地区属于农业社会,以农业经济为主,农业生产力的发展,为河南仓储的建设打下了良好的基础。同时清代河南地区旱灾和涝灾十分严重,给民众的生活带来严重影响,需要仓储的建立来赈济。河南地区在政府的引导下,结合本省的实际情况逐步建立了完整的仓储体系。通过对我国清代河南仓储制度的研究,总结经验教训,为进一步完善当今河南粮食储备管理与建设提供历史借鉴作用,以便加快河南社会经济的发展。关于对清代河南仓储的研究,一般只是作为荒政的一项措施简单提及,并未详细展开论述。针对此项不足,本文主要解决清代河南仓储的组织和管理机制这一主要问题,包括仓储的种类及其设立、仓储的规模、仓粮的来源及仓储的管理和运行机制等四个方面,这四个方面主要按照常平仓、社仓、义仓三种类型进行逐步阐述。并概括得出河南仓储的特点,如官府重视常平仓,常平仓具有市场化特色,社仓义仓具有民营的特点,清代河南仓储发挥了调节粮价、借贷粮食、赈济灾害等作用,由于河南地区战略位置的重要性,具有协助邻省协助中央的作用。通过上述研究可以得出清代河南仓储构成了一个完整的体系,在当地的备赈救荒中发挥了较大的社会救助作用,后期随着吏治腐败、不及时买补,仓储逐渐走向衰落,功能丧失。
[Abstract]:The situation of grain reserves is an important indicator to reflect the level of food security. For such a region with a large population, large regional differences in grain supply and demand, and relatively weak food logistics conditions, It is necessary to maintain a relatively high level of grain reserves. In the Qing Dynasty, Henan Province belongs to the agricultural society, mainly agricultural economy, the development of agricultural productivity, laid a good foundation for the construction of Henan warehousing. At the same time, drought and waterlogging were very serious in Henan in Qing Dynasty, which had a serious impact on people's life and needed the establishment of storage for relief. Under the guidance of the government, Henan has gradually established a complete storage system according to the actual situation of the province. Through the research on the storage system of Henan Province in Qing Dynasty, this paper summarizes the experience and lessons, and provides a historical reference for further improving the management and construction of grain reserves in Henan Province, so as to accelerate the development of Henan's social economy. The research on Henan warehousing in Qing Dynasty is generally mentioned simply as a measure of famine, but it is not discussed in detail. In view of this deficiency, this paper mainly solves the main problems of the organization and management mechanism of Henan warehousing in Qing Dynasty, including the types and establishment of warehousing, the scale of warehousing, the source of warehouse grain, the management and operation mechanism of warehousing, etc. These four aspects are mainly described according to the three types of Chang-open warehouse, social warehouse, and righteousness warehouse. And summarized the characteristics of Henan warehousing, such as the government attaches importance to the open warehouse, Chang-open warehouse has market-oriented characteristics, the social warehouse has the private characteristics, the Qing Dynasty Henan warehousing played a role in regulating grain prices, borrowing grain, disaster relief, and so on. Because of the importance of the strategic position of Henan region, it has the function of assisting neighboring provinces to assist the central government. Through the above research, we can draw a conclusion that Henan warehousing formed a complete system in Qing Dynasty, which played a greater role in social relief in the local relief of relief. In the later period, with the corruption of the local government, not buying and repairing in time, the warehousing gradually declined. Loss of function.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F129

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