直线型活塞连杆液压马达主轴振动仿真研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 10:35

本文关键词：直线型活塞连杆液压马达主轴振动仿真研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压马达作为液压系统重要执行元件,其性能指标对整个液压系统的工作性能有着直接影响,在设计液压马达时需要对其各种运行性能进行优化。针对本文提出的一种直线型活塞连杆液压马达,其主轴系在运转过程中,会受到各种各样的冲击力和周期性的脉动力。当激励的频率与其固有频率相同时就会发生共振,这不仅会导致轴系疲劳破坏,还会形成继发性激励,导致其他机械振动、故障,影响马达的平稳运行。因此,本文提出的直线型活塞连杆液压马达主轴振动的研究,对于液压马达进一步的优化设计以及后期生产制造及正常工作和故障诊断分析等都有重要意义。为此本文主要开展以下工作。提出直线型活塞连杆液压马达概念,对直线型活塞连杆液压马达结构及工作原理进行介绍。分析计算液压马达液压缸内液压油油压力、活塞连杆运动部件重力产生的激振力、往复惯性激振力和离心惯性激振力,计算各激振力的幅值和频率。分析计算液压马达旋转运动件的转动惯量以及主轴系扭转刚度和纵向刚度。建立液压马达主轴扭转振动及纵向振动模型,并依此得到自由振动和受迫振动方程式,并用Holzer表法对扭转振动固有频率及相应振型进行计算。采用Solidworks软件对马达偏心轴、连杆和活塞进行建模,利用Ansys Workbench有限元软件对其进行模态分析,得到其前10阶固有频率和振型,在对固有频、率和振型分析的基础上,提出设计工况应避开的频率区域,并指出容易发生形变失效的部位,对液压马达的设计优化提供理论指导。并将仿真结果与实际计算结果做比较,验证仿真计算结果正确。对液压马达偏心轴进行约束模态分析,并施加工作载荷,模拟实际振动响应,得到其主要共振频率,以及相应的响应幅值。并分析了主轴承宽度,以及主轴承间距对液压马达主轴振动的影响。得出在低频区应选择较小的轴承宽度,以减小主轴自由端和功率输出端的低频振幅响应;在不影响液压缸等其他设备安装布置的前提下,应减小主轴承间距,以减小主轴振动响应幅值。
[Abstract]:As an important component of hydraulic system, hydraulic motor has a direct impact on the performance of the whole hydraulic system. In the design of hydraulic motor, it is necessary to optimize its performance. A linear piston connecting rod hydraulic motor is proposed in this paper, its main shaft is in operation. When the frequency of excitation is the same as its natural frequency, resonance will occur, which will not only lead to fatigue failure of shafting, but also form secondary excitation. Cause other mechanical vibration, failure, affect the smooth operation of the motor. Therefore, this paper proposed a linear piston connecting rod hydraulic motor spindle vibration research. It is of great significance for further optimization design of hydraulic motor, later production and manufacture, normal operation and fault diagnosis analysis. For this reason, the following work is mainly carried out in this paper. The concept of linear piston connecting rod hydraulic motor is put forward in this paper. . This paper introduces the structure and working principle of linear piston connecting rod hydraulic motor, analyzes and calculates the exciting force of hydraulic oil pressure in hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic motor and the gravity of piston connecting rod moving parts. Reciprocating inertial excitation force and centrifugal inertial excitation force. The amplitude and frequency of each exciting force are calculated, and the moment of inertia, torsional stiffness and longitudinal stiffness of hydraulic motor rotating moving parts are analyzed and calculated. The torsional vibration and longitudinal vibration model of hydraulic motor spindle are established. The free vibration and forced vibration equations are obtained, and the natural frequencies and corresponding modes of torsional vibration are calculated by Holzer table method. The eccentric shaft of motor is obtained by Solidworks software. The connecting rod and piston are modeled, and the modal analysis is carried out by using Ansys Workbench finite element software, and the first 10 natural frequencies and modes are obtained. On the basis of the analysis of the rate and mode, the paper points out the frequency region which should be avoided in the design condition, and points out the position where the deformation failure is easy to occur. It provides theoretical guidance for the design optimization of hydraulic motor and compares the simulation results with the actual calculation results to verify the correctness of the simulation results. The eccentric shaft of the hydraulic motor is subjected to constrained modal analysis and applied working load. The main resonance frequency and the corresponding response amplitude are obtained by simulating the actual vibration response, and the width of the main bearing is analyzed. The influence of the main bearing spacing on the vibration of the main shaft of the hydraulic motor is obtained. It is concluded that the lower bearing width should be chosen in the low frequency region to reduce the low frequency amplitude response of the spindle free end and the power output end. Without affecting the installation and arrangement of other equipment such as hydraulic cylinders, the main bearing spacing should be reduced in order to reduce the vibration response amplitude of the spindle.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH137.51

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