基于轨迹数据的出租汽车运力规模测算方法研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 17:10

本文关键词：基于轨迹数据的出租汽车运力规模测算方法研究　出处：《长安大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市出租汽车作为公共交通的重要补充,在城市综合交通运输体系中扮演着重要角色,出租汽车空驶率高与乘客打车困难一直是出租汽车行业发展面临的主要矛盾,在运输供给和需求之间建立平衡关系,对于保障城市居民出行、保障城市交通顺畅、出租汽车行业稳定发展等方面具有重要意义。本文在现有研究基础之上,以出租汽车所应承担的城市客运交通周转量和出租汽车能提供的有效行驶里程为主要研究对象,依托出租汽车轨迹数据提出城市出租汽车运力规模测算方法。本文以出租汽车轨迹数据为研究手段,出于简化数据和精确表达的目的对出租汽车大数据进行数据建模,通过测算出租汽车的里程利用效率、时间利用效率以及运行速度等分析出租汽车运行效率,依托GIS技术通过测算上下车点分布识别打车热点地区和打车难地区,研究出租汽车运输需求的分布差异,作为研究的基础。构建运量投放模型首先将电子地图中的城市道路以交叉口为分界点进一步划分为若干路段,针对每个小路段基于随机过程理论构建打车概率模型,提出打车概率低路段存在未满足的运输需求的观点,在此基础上,每个小路段上乘客打车与出租汽车服务过程可抽象为排队问题,测算在一定排队时间即等候时间下的服务队长,结合轨迹数据计算的平均出行距离得出未满足的城市出租汽车应承担的城市客运交通周转量,结合计算的出租汽车平均有效行驶里程,确定不同时期解决乘客打车难问题的出租汽车运力规模,并最终确定合理规模,为了保障运力投放的合理性,依托数据库计算收入变动系数约束运力投放。以西安市为例进行实例分析,首先通过轨迹数据分析西安市出租汽车不同时间范围内的里程利用率和时间利用效率,反映不同时期出租汽车的运行效率,并通过不同路段的速度变化提出五种速度变化模式;其次将轨迹数据导入Arcgis分析西安出租汽车运输需求的差异分布;最后测算不同时间段出租汽车运力规模以及在一定收入变化约束下的合理规模。
[Abstract]:City taxi as an important supplement to public transportation, plays an important role in the comprehensive transportation system in the city, taxi Kongshi rate and passenger taxi difficulties have been the main problem facing the development of the taxi industry, establish the balance between supply and demand in transportation, is of great significance for the protection of city residents travel, protect the city traffic smooth, stable development of taxi industry. Based on the existing research, this paper takes the urban passenger traffic volume and the effective mileage of taxi as the main research object, and proposes the calculation method of the urban taxi capacity scale based on the taxi track data. The taxi trajectory data as the research method, in order to simplify the data and precise expression to model the data of taxi big data, use efficiency and speed of taxi operation efficiency by calculating the taxi mileage utilization efficiency, time, relying on the GIS off point distribution to identify hot spots and taxi taxi through measurement to study area, distribution of taxi transport demand, as the basis of the study. The construction quantity model first city road map in the intersection point is further divided into several sections for each path segment based on stochastic process theory to construct the probability model of taxi, the taxi has a low probability of road does not meet the transportation demand point of view, on the basis of this, each path segment for taxi passengers and taxi the automobile service process can be abstracted as a queuing problem in a certain measure queuing time of waiting time of service under captain, with the average travel distance from the track data calculation of city passenger traffic turnover does not meet the city taxi should bear, combining the calculated average effective taxi mileage, determine the different period to solve the difficult problem of taxi passengers the taxi capacity scale, and ultimately determine the reasonable scale, in order to ensure the rationality of transport capacity, relying on the database is closed The coefficient of variation constrains the delivery of capacity. Taking Xi'an city as an example, firstly by analyzing trajectory data of Xi'an taxi mileage by different time within the scope of the utilization and the efficiency of time, efficiency of different periods of the taxi, and through the different sections of the speed change puts forward five kinds of speed change mode; secondly the distribution difference of trajectory data into Arcgis analysis in Xi'an taxi transportation needs; finally, calculating different time taxi capacity and reasonable scale in certain changes in income constraints.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U492.434;F572

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