高速公路不同坡向边坡草本植物根系特征研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 06:02

本文关键词：高速公路不同坡向边坡草本植物根系特征研究　出处：《西南农业学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：【目的】为明确高速公路护坡草本植物在不同坡向下的根系特征。【方法】采用整株挖掘法对信(阳)南(阳)高速公路边坡常见草本植物根系进行调查和研究。【结果】(1)同一坡向不同草本植物根长、根径、根表面积和根干重均存在一定差异性,其中,人工恢复草本高羊茅和白三叶的根长、根表面积、根干重均存在显著性差异(P0.05),而坡面入侵杂草根系特征之间差异性不显著,人工草本的根长、根表面积、根干重基本都要高于坡面入侵杂草,且根径较入侵草本小;各坡向高羊茅、白三叶和蛇莓的根长、根表面积、根干重均有显著或极显著差异性(P0.05或P0.01),表现为:阴坡阳坡的分布规律,而艾草、问荆则表现不明显,且阳坡艾草的根长、根表面积、根干重较阴坡都要大;不同护坡草本植物在坡向条件下的根径差异较小,多集中在0.6~1.5 mm左右;坡向对各草本植物根冠比也产生一定影响,阴坡立地上蛇莓根冠比最大,阳坡艾草和白三叶次之。(2)不同植物的自身生物学特性不同,在坡向影响下的根系特征也具有一定差异;5种草本植物中,艾草在阳坡生长较好,而高羊茅、白三叶、蛇莓适合生长在背阳坡阴湿生境中,问荆抗逆性强,在2种坡向上均可正常生长。【结论】综合考虑护坡草本植物根系特征及其生态效应,人工草本对高速公路边坡不良生境的适应和改造能力要强于部分入侵杂草。
[Abstract]:[objective] to clarify the root characteristics of herbaceous plants on different slopes in expressway slope protection. [methods] the whole plant mining method was used to study the root system of Xinyang (Yang) Nan (Yang). The root system of common herbaceous plants on highway slope was investigated and studied. [results] the root length of different herbaceous plants in the same slope is different. There were some differences in root diameter, root surface area and root dry weight, among which, there were significant differences in root length, root surface area and root dry weight between tall fescue and white clover after artificial restoration (P0.05). The root length, root surface area and root dry weight of artificial herbs were higher than those of invasive weeds, and the root diameter was smaller than that of invasive herbs. The root length, root surface area and root dry weight of tall fescue, white clover and snake berry had significant or extremely significant differences (P0.05 or P0.01). The root length, root surface area and root dry weight of Artemisia sinensis were larger than those of shady slope. The difference of root diameter of herbaceous plants with different slope protection was small under the condition of slope direction, and most of them were concentrated in the range of 0.6 ~ 1.5 mm. The ratio of root to shoot was the largest on the shady slope, followed by Acacia albicans and white clover (2) different plants had different biological characteristics. Under the influence of slope direction, there were some differences in root characteristics. Among the five herbaceous plants, Artemisia lanceolata grew well on the sunny slope, while tall fescue, white clover and snake berry were suitable for growing in dark and wet habitats on the back sunny slope. [conclusion] the root system characteristics and ecological effects of herbaceous plants on slope protection were considered synthetically. Artificial herbaceous is better than some invasive weeds in adapting and reconstructing bad habitat of highway slope.
【作者单位】：河南农业大学林学院;
【基金】：河南省交通厅基金项目(2013J49;2014Z06;2015J02)
【分类号】：U418.9
【正文快照】： 【研究意义】高速公路是国民经济的重要基础设施。高速公路的快速建设在促进地区和区域经济社会发展的同时,也对路域生态环境产生了不同程度的影响,如破坏公路沿线自然景观和植物群落、造成水土流失、地质灾害等[1-2]。边坡是高速公路水土流失易发区,作为高速公路最脆弱的部分

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