城市道路平面交叉口优化设计与评价

发布时间：2018-01-07 17:08

本文关键词：城市道路平面交叉口优化设计与评价　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对于城市道路来说,交叉口是各类交通流的集散地,是道路交通的关键,尤其是平面交叉口,占城市交叉口比例相对较大,对城市道路至关重要。然而近年来,随着小汽车保有量的增加,城市道路交通量也呈现出大幅的增长,平面交叉口的设计已不能满足交通需求。仅有少数平面交叉口根据实际交通状况进行了相应的优化设计,一定程度上提高了交叉口的运行效率。但是,大部分平面交叉口的设计过于简单,交通设施不完善,且与现状交通实际情况不尽匹配,严重影响了交叉口的通行能力。因此,对城市道路平面交叉口进行了优化研究,具有迫切的实际意义。本文采用了综合文献法、数据收集与资料分析相结合、定性与定量相结合、模型构建与实例分析相结合等技术手段,按照基础理论→主要内容→案例分析的逻辑结构来构建论文框架:首先,分析了交叉口处各类交通流的交通特性。分类介绍了无信号交叉口、信号交叉口和环形交叉口的机动车、非机动车和行人的运行特征,分析了各类交叉口机动车、非机动车以及行人间的交通冲突,为优化设计提供理论支持。接着,基于从空间上分离交通流的原理,遵从安全方便、符合规范等原则,分别总结了机动车道、非机动车道、行人过街的常用渠化方法,为渠化提供了理论体系,并在此基础上,对典型交叉口的渠化设计提供了总结性的理论指导。再一步,基于从时间上分离交通流的的原理,对交叉口的信号控制方案进行了研究。在了解传统Webster配时、总结其局限性的基础上,提出了信号周期时长的多目标优化模型,搭载mabtlab编程软件,运用粒子群算法对模型进行了求解。进一步,分类总结了各类型交叉口运行效率的评价指标,并采用价值分析法对交叉口的运行效率进行综合评价。然后,以咸阳市交叉口例,以实际调查数据为基础,对提出的优化方案进行了实例分析。在认识到咸阳市交叉口设计现存问题的前提下,提出了针对咸阳市交叉口的优化设计方案,通过仿真参数的评价,验证了渠化和配时设计的科学性和实用性。最后,透过前面的相关研究和实例分析,总结了本论文的主要研究成果、结论以及可以进一步研究的问题,并对交叉口改善设计进行了放眼展望。
[Abstract]:For City Road, the intersection is the center of various traffic flow, is the key of road traffic, especially the intersection, the intersection of the city accounted for relatively large proportion of city road is very important. However, in recent years, with the increase in the number of cars, city road traffic is also showing a sharp growth in design the intersection has been unable to meet the traffic demand. Only a small number of intersections are optimized according to actual traffic situation, to a certain extent, improve the efficiency of the intersection. However, most of the fork plane intersection design is too simple, traffic facilities, and traffic situation and actual situation does not match, serious impact on the capacity of the intersection. Therefore, the city road intersection was studied, which has practical significance. This paper uses the urgent comprehensive literature, data collection And data analysis combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, the combination of construction techniques and examples of model, according to the logic structure analysis of the main content of basic theory of 243 cases to construct the framework of this paper: firstly, analysis of the intersection of various traffic characteristics. It introduced the classification of non signal intersection, motor vehicle signal intersection and roundabout, running characteristics of non motor vehicles and pedestrians, analyses all kinds of intersection of motor vehicles, non motor vehicle and pedestrian traffic conflict between, to provide theoretical support for the optimization design. Then, based on the principle of separation of traffic flow from the space, comply with safety and convenience, conform to the standard principle, respectively. Summary of motorized vehicles, non motorized vehicles, commonly used channelization method of pedestrian crossing, provides a theoretical system for channelization, and on this basis, the typical intersection channelization design provides a summary The theory. Further, the principle of separation from the time of the traffic flow based on the signal control scheme of the intersection is studied. In the understanding of traditional Webster, summarizes its limitations based on the multi-objective optimization model is proposed for signal cycle length, equipped with mabtlab programming software, using particle swarm optimization the algorithm for solving the model. Further, the evaluation index classification summarizes the running efficiency of various types of intersections, and uses the method of value analysis to evaluate the running efficiency of the intersection. Then, taking Xianyang city intersection, with the actual survey data based on the proposed optimization scheme is analyzed. In the premise of recognizing Xianyang City intersection design of the existing problems, put forward the optimized design scheme for Xianyang city intersection, evaluated by the simulation parameters, verify the design of channelization and timing of science and Finally, through the previous related research and case analysis, the main research results, conclusions and problems that can be further studied in this paper are summarized, and the improvement design of intersection is prospected.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.23

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