钻爆法海底隧道突水机理及其应用

发布时间：2018-01-08 08:18

本文关键词：钻爆法海底隧道突水机理及其应用　出处：《北京交通大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：本文针对海底隧道的特点,通过实例统计、理论分析、数值模拟和现场监测等研究手段,提出了海底隧道突水的三种模式,并对海底隧道突水灾害的发生机理、突水控制技术等问题进行了系统深入的研究,主要工作及研究成果如下：(1)对国内外隧道突水事故进行统计分析,描述突水事件发生的地质条件、水文条件、突水发生发展过程及突水机理,总结突水灾害的发生特点,从突水通道产生的力学机制方面将海底隧道突水分为水力劈裂型、地层坍塌型和结构面滑移型三种模式。(2)基于复变函数求解基本方法,通过保角映射求得浅埋海底隧道的围岩应力场,该解析解可以同时考虑自重及水的作用；考虑海底隧道开挖的短期和长期效应,根据总应力场及孔压分布,分别得到了海底隧道开挖后短期、长期有效应力。(3)采用断裂力学原理,建立了海底隧道水力劈裂型突水的力学模型,并给出了隧道围岩起裂的力学判据：采用裂隙岩体开裂损伤的流固耦合模型,对水力劈裂型突水进行了模拟,得到了围岩起裂阶段、开裂扩展阶段、突水通道形成阶段的开裂区及变形的发展规律。(4)基于浅埋海底隧道围岩应力场,提出了地层滑移角的确定方法,给出了地层坍塌型突水发生的力学判据；建立考虑变形模量劣化的应变软化模型,对地层坍塌式突水过程进行仿真,得到了洞周破坏区及围岩变形的发展演化规律。(5)建立了结构面滑移型突水的尖点突变模型,并得到了结构面滑移失稳的临界滑移面长度；采用接触面理论,对结构面滑移时两侧不同材料的相互作用进行模拟,认为该模式突水通道形成原因是结构面两侧围岩不均匀变形造成的相对滑动。(6)在前文研究的基础上,结合对隧道突水机理的分析从顶板厚度、地层加固、降低施工扰动等方面系统的提出海底隧道突水的控制措施,并在施工过程中对海底隧道进行精细化的变形控制,有效降低海底隧道施工过程中的突水风险。
[Abstract]:Abstract: in this paper, according to the characteristics of the subsea tunnel, through examples, statistics, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring and other research methods, puts forward three modes of water inrush in tunnel, and the mechanism of the tunnel water inrush disaster, made a systematic and thorough study on water inrush control technology and other issues, the main work and research the results are as follows: (1) statistical analysis of tunnel water inrush accidents at home and abroad, describes the geological conditions, water inrush events and hydrological conditions, water inrush mechanism and development process of water inrush occurred, summing up the characteristics of water inrush, the mechanical mechanism of water inrush from the channel will split water inrush in undersea tunnel hydraulic type, type and structure formation collapse slip type three models. (2) based on the basic method of solving complex function, obtained by conformal mapping of surrounding rock of shallow tunnel stress field, the analytical solution can be considered at the same time since Weight and water; consider the short-term and long-term effects of tunnel excavation, the total stress and pore pressure distribution were obtained after short-term subsea tunnel excavation, long-term effective stress. (3) by using the fracture mechanics principle, established the tunnel water inrush type hydraulic fracturing mechanics model, and given the tunnel initiation mechanics criterion: the fractured rock cracking damage coupling model, the split type water inrush water was simulated, obtained the rock crack initiation stage, crack propagation stage, the formation stage of the crack zone and deformation law of the development of water inrush channel. (4) the shallow buried tunnel surrounding rock the stress field based on the proposed method to determine formation slip angle, gives the formation collapse mechanics criterion type water inrush; considering the deformation modulus degradation strain softening model, the formation process of collapse type water inrush simulation, get around the tunnel Destroy the development zone and surrounding rock deformation evolution. (5) established a cusp structure slip type water inrush mutation model, and get the structure slip critical slip surface length stability; the contact theory, the interaction between two different materials structure slip when simulating the mode process the reason is the formation of water channel structure on both sides of uneven rock deformation caused by the relative slide. (6) on the basis of previous studies, combined with the analysis of tunnel water inrush from roof thickness, stratum reinforcement, reduce the construction disturbance system put forward control measures of water inrush of subsea tunnel, and the deformation control of fine the submarine tunnel in the construction process, effectively reduce the water inrush risk of subsea tunnel construction process.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U457.2;U459.5

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