高风速下的隧道火灾温度场实验研究与火灾自动报警系统实施

发布时间：2018-01-09 10:20

本文关键词：高风速下的隧道火灾温度场实验研究与火灾自动报警系统实施　出处：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：频繁发生的火灾事故使得人们越来越关注隧道的安全性,特别是火灾预警和救援的困难对隧道火灾心存恐惧,往往使得长隧道方案由于火灾安全问题而难以进行。隧道火灾初起60秒阶段是火灾报警的应急处理的黄金时期,但是温度场受外界条件影响较大,随机性强,现有火灾温度场模型无法应用。本文通过高风速下的隧道火灾温度场实验,研究其温度场变化特征,制定适合的报警策略,并应于火灾自动报警系统。本文首先针对隧道火灾报警性能考核,设计隧道火灾场景。隧道火灾报警是火灾时隧道使用者实施自防自救的首要技术环节。不合理的火灾场景设计或缩比例小尺寸火灾场景设计,不能为隧道早期火灾报警的性能考核提供科学的试验条件基础依据,基于CFD的计算机模拟往往存在较大的偏差。项目设计建立的基于实体隧道的火灾场景:以三车道实体隧道内、一辆小型汽车、空间受限的初起阶段火(HRR设计增长时间40s、设计峰值0.8MW,各维度扩散的空间受限为50%)为试验火源,自然风-5m/s全断面风速条件,6个试验火点位的共计24个不同的试验火工况,为线型光纤感温火灾探测器以及其它随到火灾探测器的性能评测,提供了统一、全面的全要素实体火灾场景依据。然后,基于对不同风速和不同点火位置的隧道温度场变化分析,研究高风速下的火灾自动报警策略,能快速的识别火警并准确的指示报警位置。通过温度变化综合报警策略和温度场修正算法,全风速条件下的报警响应时间和位置误差均符合本项目制定的研究目标。最后,给出了公路隧道在高风速下的火灾自动报警系统的实施和点火验证方式。由于地处野外,环境条件复杂、恶劣,公路隧道火灾自动报警系统的实施及维护管理是一个非常重要的环节,对于火灾自动报警系统的正常有效工作具有重要意义。由于不同公路隧道火灾自动报警系统的探测机理、工作原理的差异,它们在实施、验证及其日常维护管理中也具有不同的技术关键点。
[Abstract]:The frequent fire accidents make people pay more and more attention to the safety of tunnel, especially the difficulty of fire warning and rescue. The long tunnel scheme is often difficult to carry out because of fire safety problems. The 60 seconds stage of tunnel fire is the golden period of fire alarm emergency treatment, but the temperature field is greatly affected by external conditions, strong randomness. The existing fire temperature field model can not be applied. Through the tunnel fire temperature field experiments under high wind speed, the characteristics of the temperature field change are studied, and the appropriate alarm strategy is formulated. And should be in the automatic fire alarm system. First of all, the tunnel fire alarm performance assessment. Design of tunnel fire scene. Tunnel fire alarm is the primary technical link of self-defense and self-rescue for tunnel users. Unreasonable fire scene design or small scale fire scene design. It can not provide a scientific basis for testing the performance of early fire alarm in tunnel. The computer simulation based on CFD often has a big deviation. The fire scene based on entity tunnel established by the project design: a small car in a three-lane solid tunnel. The design growth time of HRR was 40 s, the design peak value was 0.8 MW, and the space limitation of each dimension diffusion was 50%) as the experimental fire source. The natural wind-5 m / s full section wind speed condition and the total 24 different test fire conditions of 6 test fire spots are evaluated for linear fiber optic thermal-sensing fire detectors and other fire detectors. Then, based on the analysis of tunnel temperature field with different wind speed and different igniting position, the automatic fire alarm strategy under high wind speed is studied. Can quickly identify the fire alarm and accurately indicate the alarm location. Through the temperature change comprehensive alarm strategy and temperature field correction algorithm. The alarm response time and position error under the condition of full wind speed are in line with the research objectives formulated by this project. Finally. This paper presents the implementation of automatic fire alarm system and fire ignition verification method for highway tunnel under high wind speed. Because of its location in the field, the environment conditions are complex and bad. The implementation and maintenance of highway tunnel fire alarm system is a very important link. It is of great significance for the normal and effective operation of the automatic fire alarm system. Because of the detection mechanism and the difference of the working principle of the fire automatic alarm system in different highway tunnels, they are being implemented. Verification and daily maintenance management also have different technical key points.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U453.8

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