基于时间依赖型交易性路权的用户路径选择研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 13:14

本文关键词：基于时间依赖型交易性路权的用户路径选择研究　出处：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人民生活水平提高,私人小汽车保有量大幅度增加,交通拥挤问题越来越严重,已经成为全球大中城市亟需解决的城市问题之一。由于小汽车保有量的增长幅度已经远远超过道路建设能力,且现有的交通需求管理方式对小汽车出行的限制仍然存在局限性,因此通过拥挤收费的经济手段来减少小汽车出行,已经成为一项必要手段。然而单纯的交通拥挤收费存在着公众难以接受、费用资金流向不透明化等弊端,交易性路权理论在这种情况下应运而生,交易性路权方案是一种更容易被公众所接受且能有效缓解交通拥挤问题的方案。本文通过对城市道路交通拥挤的判别方法、产生原因、影响因素以及缓解交通拥挤的方法做出分析。在众多方法中,交通拥挤收费对车流量的控制是十分有效的,但其存在一定的不足,因此我们对交通拥挤收费理论的应用及优缺点做出分析,为改进交通拥挤收费理论的不足,提出了更加合理的交易性路权方案。在对交易性路权作出定义之后,在文中我们对交易性路权理论的适用条件、信用额度控制、交易体系以及监管保障措施做出详细的分类分析。随后我们分析了交易性路权的瓶颈模型和用户、市场均衡模型,在这两个模型的基础上,我们设定用户需要通过交易平台提前选择出行时间及出行路径,且信用额度按照路段的不同而有所不同的时间依赖型交易性路权方案,并对方案中初始分配的设定,分配额度控制、市场平台等组成因素做出详细说明。由于交易性路权的实施必然对用户的路径选择方式有所影响,因此我们对用户路径选择的影响因素做出分析,并建立了针对时间依赖型交易性路权理论的最优路径选择模型,用K短路算法对其求解。另外考虑到将用户按照统一的参数设定的模型来选择路径,由于其结果的存在一定的不合理性,因此我们利用模糊评价法对模型进行进一步求解,从而得到符合不同用户需求的路径选择方案。最后对于时间依赖型交易性路权我们利用TransCAD软件对算例路网的影响做出定量分析,通过设定不同的流量参数对各路段的影响来确定信用额度的收取量。然后通过模糊评价法对用户的路径评价矩阵进行计算,得出不同用户的最优路径方案。与不执行交易性路权方案前的交通状态相比,用户出行时间将有大幅度的减少。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standards, the number of private cars has increased greatly, and the problem of traffic congestion has become more and more serious. It has become one of the urban problems that need to be solved in large and medium-sized cities in the world, because the increase of the number of cars has far exceeded the capacity of road construction. And the existing traffic demand management mode of car travel restrictions are still limited, so through the economic means of congestion charges to reduce car travel. It has become a necessary means. However, the simple traffic congestion charges are difficult to accept by the public, the flow of fees and funds is opaque and so on. The theory of tradable road rights emerges as the times require in this situation. Tradable right scheme is a scheme that is more easily accepted by the public and can effectively alleviate the problem of traffic congestion. Among the many methods, traffic congestion charge is very effective to control the traffic flow, but it has some shortcomings. Therefore, we analyze the application of traffic congestion pricing theory and its advantages and disadvantages. In order to improve the shortage of traffic congestion pricing theory, we put forward a more reasonable tradable right scheme. In this paper, we make a detailed classification of the applicable conditions, credit line control, trading system and regulatory safeguards. Then we analyze the bottleneck model and users of tradable road rights. Market equilibrium model, on the basis of these two models, we set that users need to choose travel time and travel path in advance through trading platform. And the credit line according to the different road sections and different time-dependent transactional road rights scheme, and the initial allocation of the scheme, allocation quota control. Market platform and other factors to make a detailed explanation. Because the implementation of tradable road rights will inevitably have an impact on the way users choose the path, so we analyze the impact of the user path selection factors. An optimal path selection model for time dependent transactional path right theory is established and solved by K short circuit algorithm. In addition, the user is chosen according to the unified parameter model. Due to the irrationality of the results, we use the fuzzy evaluation method to solve the model further. Finally, we use TransCAD software to make quantitative analysis on the impact of the road network. By setting different flow parameters to determine the impact of each section of the road to determine the amount of credit line, and then through the fuzzy evaluation method to calculate the path evaluation matrix of users. The optimal path scheme for different users is obtained. Compared with the traffic state before the transaction right scheme, the travel time of the user will be greatly reduced.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

【相似文献】