基于ADAMS的大件运输货物安全仿真分析

发布时间：2018-01-17 16:21

本文关键词：基于ADAMS的大件运输货物安全仿真分析　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着大型基建相关工程的不断开展,公路大件运输这种特种运输类型出现频率越来越高。我国的公路大件运输不论是在规章制度完善程度还是实际运输设备和技术都有较大的提升空间。在确保大件货物运输安全可靠性方面,基本以实际工程经验和理论推导为评判标准,并且大部分相关研究将重点放在大件货物的外型通过性上。本文以大件货物运输车货系统的虚拟样机仿真为基础,综合考虑路面情况,车辆构造和货物加固等方面,对运输过程中货物的可靠性影响因素进行仿真分析。首先,分析了公路大件货物运输过程中可能出现的安全可靠性问题,并对可能导致这些安全隐患的影响因素进行了说明,对其中显著的安全隐患影响因素进行理论计算研究,用以表明其对大件货物可靠性的影响机理。然后参照GB/T 4970-2009《汽车平顺性试验方法》确定了测量货物加速度均方根的方式来评判行驶可靠性。其次,研究了ADAMS/CAR模块车辆建模机理,包括由模板到子系统到装配的层级建模方法,和模板之间使用通讯器进行信息交互的方式。随后根据某具体运输车辆型号建造了完整牵引车模型,根据平板承重车的单元拼接结构,建造了三个平板车单元的板车组。接着对路面属性文件的数据结构进行了研究,并根据仿真需要构建了不同形式,不同路面粗糙程度的路面文件,用以仿真大件运输中最常见的行驶状态。最后,对建造的车辆、货物和道路系统模型,进行不同重量,不同速度和不同路面条件下的ADAMS/CAR动力学仿真,测量大件货物在横向、纵向和垂向的动力学特性并进行分析,确定在车辆行驶过程中对货物可靠性影响最大的分量,并对此影响因素进行频谱分析,针对分析结果从结构上做出解释,并以加速度的功率谱特性进行验证。提高仿真结果对公路大件货物运输行驶中货物安全可靠性的参考价值。最后构建了以关键影响因素为测量数据的系统框架。综上,本论文构建的大件运输模型不仅可以对不同情况下运输过程进行仿真,还可以对不同参数影响下货物安全性变化进行分析,从而为四川省大件运输规范制定和后续项目开展提供较高的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of large-scale infrastructure related projects. The frequency of this special type of transportation is becoming higher and higher. In our country, there is much room for the improvement of transportation equipment and technology both in the degree of perfection of rules and regulations and in the actual transportation equipment and technology. Safety and reliability of cargo transport. Based on the practical engineering experience and theoretical derivation as the evaluation criteria, and most of the related research will focus on the shape of the large goods passing. This paper is based on the virtual prototype simulation of the cargo system of the large cargo transport vehicle. Considering the road condition, vehicle structure and cargo reinforcement, the factors affecting the reliability of the cargo during the transportation are simulated and analyzed. First of all. This paper analyzes on the safety and reliability problems that may occur in the course of transportation of heavy goods on highway, and explains the influencing factors that may lead to these hidden dangers of safety. The influence factors of safety hidden danger are calculated and studied theoretically. Used to show the mechanism of its influence on the reliability of large goods. Then refer to GB/T. 4970-2009 "vehicle ride comfort test method" determines the method of measuring the mean square root of cargo acceleration to evaluate the reliability of driving. The vehicle modeling mechanism of ADAMS/CAR module is studied, including the hierarchical modeling method from template to subsystem to assembly. Then a complete tractor model is built according to a specific type of transport vehicle, and the unit splicing structure of the flat plate load-bearing vehicle is used. Then, the data structure of the pavement attribute file is studied, and according to the needs of simulation, different forms of road surface files with different roughness degree are constructed. It is used to simulate the most common driving state in large-haul transportation. Finally, different weights are used to model the built vehicles, goods and road systems. The dynamic characteristics of large goods in transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions were measured and analyzed by ADAMS/CAR dynamics simulation under different speed and different pavement conditions. Determine the components that have the greatest impact on the reliability of the cargo in the course of vehicle driving, and analyze the spectrum of the influencing factors, and explain the results from the structure of the analysis. The power spectrum characteristics of acceleration are used to verify the simulation results to improve the reference value of the simulation results to the safety and reliability of the goods in the road transportation of large cargo. Finally, a system framework is constructed, which takes the key factors as the measurement data. All right. The model constructed in this paper can not only simulate the transportation process under different conditions, but also analyze the change of cargo security under the influence of different parameters. Therefore, it provides a high reference value for the establishment of large-component transportation norms and the development of follow-up projects in Sichuan Province.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U16

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