富水断层隧道涌水特征试验

发布时间：2018-01-20 01:48

本文关键词： 隧道工程模型试验富水断层涌水数值模拟防突层　出处：《长安大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为探究隧道穿越富水断层破碎带过程中各工况下掌子面安全厚度、涌水量以及水压力的变化特征,以模型试验和数值模拟为主要手段,研究隧道在无地表水补给无注浆、有地表水补给无注浆、有地表水补给有注浆这3种工况下各测量值的变化规律。模型试验以实际工况为基础,设计1个尺寸相似比为1∶80的模型试验系统,其包括渗流系统、控水系统、测量系统和注浆系统4个部分,采用量纲分析法确定各物理力学参数的相似关系,模拟在重力场作用下隧道的涌水特征;数值模拟分析域在X(横向)、Y(竖向)和Z(纵向)方向上的长度分别为240、48、160m,隧道埋深约为80m,普通围岩为Ⅴ级,断层破碎带为Ⅵ级。研究结果表明:地表水补给可显著增加隧道涌水的可能性,模型试验中,有地表水补给较无地表水补给隧道涌水量增加了128.6%,掌子面安全厚度增加了6倍;采用预注水泥浆的方法可在一定范围内改善施工过程中的涌水情况,但不能将涌水量降到正常范围内,还应采取其他必要措施;围岩中的孔隙水压力呈现出以隧道为轴心的降落漏斗分布,涌水量和水压力值突变点即为掌子面临界安全厚度,为保证施工安全,建议无地表水补给无注浆时掌子面安全厚度取0.8~1.6m,有地表水补给无注浆时掌子面安全厚度取2.4~4.8m,有地表水补给有注浆时掌子面安全厚度取1.6~3.2m。
[Abstract]:For each condition on tunnel through rich water fault belt in the process of working face safety thickness, water inflow and variation of water pressure, the model test and numerical simulation as the main means of tunnel grouting in surface water supply, surface water recharge grouting, surface water supply changes of each measurement the grouting under 3 conditions value. Model test is based on the actual conditions, the design of the 1 dimensions of similarity ratio of 1: 80 model test system, which includes flow system, water control system, the 4 part of the measuring system and the grouting system using dimensional analysis method to determine the similarity between the physical and mechanical parameters. Simulation of water gushing characteristics of tunnel under the action of gravity field; numerical simulation analysis in the domain of X (transverse), Y (vertical) and Z (vertical) direction of the length of 240,48160m, tunnel depth is about 80m, the ordinary rock grade V, fault fracture zone VI class. The results show that: the surface water supply significantly increased the probability of tunnel water gushing, model test, there is no surface water supply increased by 128.6% water surface water supply tunnel, tunnel safety thickness increased by 6 times; the method of pre cement injection can improve the water situation in the construction process in a certain range, but can not yield dropped to the normal range, other necessary measures should be taken; the pore water pressure of surrounding rock in the tunnel is shown in the funnel distribution center, water inflow and water pressure that is bounded mutation point safety thickness of tunnel face, to ensure the safety of construction proposal without surface water supply no grouting working face safety thickness is 0.8~1.6m, there is no surface water supply when grouting working face safety thickness is 2.4~4.8m, a surface water supply when grouting working face safety thickness 1.6~3.2m.

【作者单位】：长安大学公路学院;云南省交通规划设计研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51378071) 广西壮族自治区科技攻关项目(桂科攻10124006-10)
【分类号】：U456
【正文快照】： 0引言涌水是隧道穿越富水断层破碎带过程中常见且危害较大的地质灾害。若在施工时发生涌水,不仅影响作业环境,也会危及掌子面稳定性,降低初期支护的施工质量。特别是在高压涌水的情况下,常酿成重大安全事故[1-4]。注浆具有防渗、堵水和固结等作用,常用于预防和治理隧道涌水[5-

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