城市公交区间车组合调度模型的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-01-22 14:03

本文关键词： 公共交通区间车组合调度　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在城市人口不断增长,城市居民出行需求增大,导致城市交通拥堵问题日益严重的背景下,优先发展城市公共交通成为解决城市交通问题的主要方法。城市公共交通的核心是公交调度问题,公交调度同时影响着乘客的出行质量和公交企业的运营成本。在线路客流分布不均衡的情况下,传统的以全程车为主的单一调度很难满足乘客的出行需求,区间车作为一种在线路部分连续路段运行的辅助调度形式,可以有效地解决乘客出行需求与公交车辆运力之间的矛盾。本文对城市公交区间车组合调度模型进行研究。首先,本文考虑了因车辆容量限制而产生的待运量和车辆等待乘客上下车而产生的停车时间等因素,以乘客出行成本和公交企业成本的加权和为目标函数,以发车形式和发车间隔为决策变量,建立了城市公交区间车组合调度模型,设计适合该模型的遗传算法对模型求解,从而得到适合实际运营情况的区间车组合调度方案。其次,研究了数据处理和分析方法,并实现了区间车组合调度原型系统。组合调度需要准确的客流数据,本文将仅上车刷卡情形的IC卡数据和GPS数据融合,对数据进行统计分析得到线路各站上车人数,并依据上车人数推算各站下车人数,以各站上下车人数为数据基础,采用概率模型对线路客流OD矩阵进行推算,为区间车停靠站点的确定和组合调度模型的求解提供数据依据。最后,选取某市单条公交线路的历史客流数据对区间车组合调度模型进行求解,与现实运营情况进行对比分析,证明了模型的有效性和可行性。实践表明,本文的研究成果,对提高城市居民出行质量和公共交通运营水平有一定的理论和实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Under the background of increasing urban population and increasing travel demand of urban residents, the problem of urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. Priority is given to the development of urban public transport, which is the core of urban public transport. Bus scheduling also affects the travel quality of passengers and the operation cost of public transport enterprises. Under the condition of uneven distribution of line passenger flow, the traditional single scheduling based on the whole bus is very difficult to meet the travel needs of passengers. As a kind of auxiliary dispatching form, interval car is running in part of the continuous section of the line. It can effectively solve the contradiction between the passenger travel demand and the capacity of public transport vehicles. Firstly, this paper studies the combined dispatching model of urban public transport interval vehicles. In this paper, we consider the factors such as waiting capacity and waiting time for passengers to get on and off, and take the weighted sum of passenger travel cost and bus enterprise cost as the objective function. Taking the form of departure and departure interval as decision variables, the combined dispatching model of urban public transportation interval vehicle is established, and a genetic algorithm suitable for the model is designed to solve the model. In order to get a suitable scheduling scheme for the actual operation. Secondly, the method of data processing and analysis is studied, and the prototype system of interval-car combined scheduling is implemented. The combined scheduling needs accurate passenger flow data. In this paper, the IC card data and GPS data are fused to get the number of passengers at each stop, and the number of people getting off each stop is calculated according to the number of people on the bus. Based on the number of passengers in and out of each station, the OD matrix of line passenger flow is calculated by using probability model, which provides the data basis for the determination of interval parking stations and the solution of combined scheduling model. Select the historical passenger flow data of a single bus line in a certain city to solve the model, and compare it with the actual operation situation, and prove the validity and feasibility of the model. The practice shows that the model is effective and feasible. The research results of this paper have certain theoretical and practical application value to improve the travel quality of urban residents and the level of public transportation operation.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17;U492.22

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