交通网络中关键应急车辆识别模型与算法研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 15:38

本文关键词： 应急车辆布局中断决策支持系统　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国以火灾(包括爆炸、工厂事故等)、地震、地质灾害等为代表的灾害频发,应急资源优化配置问题突出。针对应急资源布局中供需矛盾问题,本文立足于站点-路径-网络流关联视角,以应急车辆布局模型为研究重点,为应急与公共安全规划的资源配置提供分析方法与实现工具。本文从应急车辆配置优化目标入手,从需求点服务水平评价、服务系统可靠性、交通网络拥挤三个层次进行剖析,对静态站点、驻勤点、巡逻三种应急车辆配置模式提出相应的测度指标及计算方法,构建考虑交通网络条件的关键应急车辆识别双层规划分析模型;根据不同模型的特点,构建相应的启发式算法,对单层问题使用遗传算法或有海明距离(Hamming distance)控制策略的多智能体进化算法,针对两阶段的、双层的复杂问题提出相应的求解框架;针对应急车辆的空间决策与数据组织特点,设计开发基于ArcGIS Engine的交通网络中关键应急车辆识别系统,并以新疆维吾尔自治区某城区的应急车辆规划为例进行实证分析和讨论。取得的主要结论如下:1、构建最大准备度的应急车辆覆盖模型;构建面向可靠性的应急车辆动态配置机会约束规划模型;构建建设成本和交通成本随机条件下表征布局与路径层次决策的机会约束目标规划模型;采用用户均衡模型(User Equilibrium)、随机用户均衡模型(Stochastic User Equilibrium)来描述网络交通流的分布,构建关键应急车辆区位识别与交通分配双层规划模型;2、根据具体优化模型改进多智能体进化算法等,构建两阶段遗传算法、针对双层规划模型的迭代算法,用于求解上述模型;3、在Visual Studio开发环境下,使用Visual C#.NET编程语言与ArcGIS Engine开发组件设计一套服务于城市应急管理中心的应急车辆配置决策支持系统,在电子地图上实现数据和结果的可视化,为应急管理中心提供实时的信息查询、决策支持、指挥调度等,实现一系列应急管理服务的统一系统,主要包括应急设施规划决策支持系统、应急车辆指挥调度系统、危险监测预警系统、应急疏散引导系统;并以新疆维吾尔自治区某城区应急车辆规划问题为例,研究该系统的实际应用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, fire (including explosion, factory accidents), earthquakes, geological disasters, etc., are frequently occurring in China, and the problem of optimal allocation of emergency resources is prominent, aiming at the contradiction between supply and demand in the layout of emergency resources. This paper focuses on the emergency vehicle layout model from the perspective of site-path-network flow association. This paper starts with the optimization goal of emergency vehicle configuration and evaluates the service level of demand point and the reliability of service system. Traffic network congestion analysis of three levels, static station, stationed point, patrol three emergency vehicle configuration mode proposed the corresponding measurement indicators and calculation methods. The two-level programming analysis model of critical emergency vehicle identification considering the traffic network condition is constructed. According to the characteristics of different models, the corresponding heuristic algorithm is constructed, and the genetic algorithm or multi-agent evolutionary algorithm with hamming distance (hamming distance) control strategy is used to solve the single-layer problem. A framework for solving two-stage, two-level complex problems is proposed. According to the characteristics of spatial decision-making and data organization of emergency vehicles, a key emergency vehicle identification system based on ArcGIS Engine is designed and developed. Taking the emergency vehicle planning in an urban area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as an example, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. A reliability oriented opportunity constrained programming model for dynamic configuration of emergency vehicles is constructed. Constructing the opportunity-constrained objective programming model to represent the layout and path level decision under the stochastic condition of construction cost and transportation cost; User Equilibrium. Stochastic User equilibrium model is used to describe the distribution of network traffic flow. A two-level programming model for location identification and traffic allocation of critical emergency vehicles is constructed. 2. According to the specific optimization model, the multi-agent evolutionary algorithm is improved, the two-stage genetic algorithm is constructed, and the iterative algorithm for the bilevel programming model is used to solve the above model. 3, in the Visual Studio development environment. Using Visual C#.NET programming language and ArcGIS Engine development component to design a set of emergency vehicle configuration decision support system for urban emergency management center. Realize the visualization of data and results on the electronic map, provide real-time information query, decision support, command and dispatch for the emergency management center, and realize a series of unified system of emergency management services. It mainly includes emergency facility planning decision support system, emergency vehicle command and dispatch system, hazard monitoring and warning system, emergency evacuation guidance system. An example of emergency vehicle planning in an urban area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region is given to study the practical application of the system.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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