共同配送模式下的绿色车辆路径问题比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 01:44

本文关键词： 共同配送绿色车辆路径问题多配送中心遗传算法　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国作为一个能源消耗和碳排放的大国,日益严重的环境污染问题受到社会各界的广泛关注,发展绿色低碳的经济模式迫在眉睫。其中,以化石燃料为主要能源的交通运输业是碳排放的重要来源之一,尤其是物流行业表现最为明显。在物流活动中,车辆运输配送环节占整个物流过程能耗的90%左右,如何调度配送车辆,从而实现节能减排的目的,具有重要的理论和现实意义。共同配送作为一种资源整合的有效手段,是未来物流配送发展的主要趋势之一,其价值体现在通过对现有资源的共享和整合,企业降低了运营成本并提高了物流效率,同时还能起到缓解城市交通压力、改善交通运输状况、节约社会资源、减轻环境污染的作用,体现了绿色物流、绿色配送的理念。本文首先从研究背景和研究现状入手,阐述本文的研究意义。其次,通过对共同配送合作模式的分析,根据不同的资源整合方式,得出四种共同配送方案,并选取方案一和方案三进行研究,即对客户资源共享模式和配送车辆共享模式进行绿色车辆路径比较研究。说明纯电动汽车发展的必然性及其优势,阐述其应用于共同配送的意义。另外,本文综合考虑了燃油配送车辆燃料上下游的二氧化碳排放量和纯电动配送车辆上游火力发电的二氧化碳排放量,从而引入车辆二氧化碳排放量的计算。在此基础上本文对具有多配送中心的绿色车辆路径问题展开研究,综合前文确定研究的两种共同配送模式,以总配送成本最小化为优化目标,考虑车辆单次运输的平均固定成本、单次运输的可变成本、燃油(用电)成本和二氧化碳排放成本与配送距离的关系,分别构建燃油配送车辆和纯电动配送车的绿色车辆路径模型,并根据遗传算法原理对所构建的模型进行算法设计。最后,结合实际案例并运用MATLAB程序对构建的模型和设计的遗传算法进行求解验证,从不同角度对燃油配送车辆和纯电动配送车辆在两种共同配送方案下得到的结果进行对比分析。通过模型比较和数据分析表明,在两种共同配送方案下,本文所构建的绿色车辆路径模型和所设计的遗传算法能够得到最小配送成本和最优配送路径,验证了本文所提出绿色路径规划是可行的,为发展绿色配送、低碳经济和节能减排提供了新的思路和方法,为物流企业选择选择纯电动配送车辆提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:As a large country of energy consumption and carbon emissions, China's increasingly serious environmental pollution has been widely concerned by all walks of life, and it is urgent to develop a green and low-carbon economic model. Transportation with fossil fuels as the main energy is one of the important sources of carbon emissions, especially in the logistics industry. The transportation and distribution of vehicles account for about 90% of the energy consumption in the whole logistics process. How to dispatch and distribute the vehicles in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. As an effective means of resource integration, joint distribution is one of the main trends of logistics distribution development in the future. Its value is reflected in the sharing and integration of existing resources. Enterprises reduce operating costs and improve the efficiency of logistics, but also can alleviate the pressure of urban traffic, improve transport conditions, save social resources, reduce environmental pollution, reflect the role of green logistics. The concept of green distribution. Firstly, this paper starts with the research background and the status quo, expounds the significance of this paper. Secondly, through the analysis of the cooperation mode of common distribution, according to different ways of resource integration. Four common distribution schemes are obtained, and the first and third schemes are selected to study. That is to say, comparing the green vehicle path between the customer resource sharing mode and the distribution vehicle sharing mode, explaining the inevitability and advantages of pure electric vehicle development, expounding the significance of its application in joint distribution. In this paper, the carbon dioxide emissions from the upstream and downstream fuel of fuel distribution vehicles and the carbon dioxide emissions from thermal power generation upstream of pure electric distribution vehicles are considered comprehensively. On the basis of this, the green vehicle routing problem with multi-distribution center is studied, and two common distribution modes are identified. With the objective of minimizing the total distribution cost, the relationship between the distribution distance and the average fixed cost, variable cost, fuel (electricity) cost and carbon dioxide emission cost of single vehicle transportation is considered. The green vehicle path model of fuel distribution vehicle and pure electric distribution vehicle is constructed, and the algorithm design of the model is carried out according to the principle of genetic algorithm. Finally. Combined with practical cases and using the MATLAB program to build the model and the genetic algorithm to verify the design. From different angles, the results of fuel distribution vehicle and pure electric distribution vehicle under two common distribution schemes are compared and analyzed. Through model comparison and data analysis, it is shown that under the two common distribution schemes. The green vehicle routing model and genetic algorithm designed in this paper can get the minimum distribution cost and the optimal distribution path, which proves that the green path planning proposed in this paper is feasible for the development of green distribution. Low carbon economy and energy saving and emission reduction provide new ideas and methods for logistics enterprises to choose pure electric distribution vehicles.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322;U492.22

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