城市道路限速标准与速度控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 13:34

本文关键词： 城市道路限速标准限速方法速度控制技术　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长期以来,我国道路限速大多都是直接采用设计速度作为限速标准。这种限速方法虽然简单易行,能够保证遵守限速规定的车辆平稳通过受限路段而不发生侧翻等交通事故,但由于道路条件的多变性和限速标准的不合理,往往会导致相当多的车辆不遵守限速规定而超速行驶,事实上达不到道路限速的目的。随着人民生活水平的不断提高,汽车保有量急剧增加,城市道路的交通压力越来越大,不合理的限速标准和限速措施不仅不能降低道路交通事故发生率,甚至还愈发加剧了道路交通的拥堵。因此,研究城市道路(主要是快速路和主干路)的限速方法,合理确定城市道路的限速标准,采取切实可行的速度控制措施,对当今城市建设和管理具有十分重要的现实意义。本文通过对各种速度概念和限速影响因素的分析,阐释了以设计速度作为道路限速标准的弊端,结合国内外道路限速方法的比较研究,提出了综合考虑设计速度、运行速度、道路环境与侧向干扰因素影响的限速标准确定思路和符合城市道路特点的分路段、分车型、分车道限速方法。在此基础上,结合城市道路的特点和限速要求,深入探讨了城市道路的运行速度预测方法,构建了符合城市道路特点的运行速度预测模型,为城市道路限速初始值的确定奠定了良好的基础。论文通过对城市道路限速目的和限速原则的剖析,进一步明确了城市道路限速标准制定的方法和步骤:首先根据道路几何要素划定限速区段;然后以不同车型(小客车和大货车)运行速度预测值的路段平均值作为该区段对应车型的限速初始值,并从横向稳定性和行车视距等方面对限速初始值的合理性进行检验和评估,对不合理的限速值应重新设定;最后按照一定的取值标准(以10km/h四舍五入取整)和法定程序,确定该路段对应车型的限速标准(如果是多车道,在运行速度预测时应根据侧向干扰情况分车道进行预测)。论文最后还结合城市道路限速管理的特殊性,系统研究了适合城市道路的速度控制技术,包括信息诱导技术、交通管理与控制技术、主动干预措施等三种类型,分析比较了各种速度控制技术的特点和应用范围,为有效实施城市道路限速、实现限速目标提供了技术支持。论文研究成果可作为城市交通管理部门制定道路限速标准和实施道路交通管理的理论依据和技术参考。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the speed limit of road in our country mostly adopts the design speed as the speed limit standard directly. This speed limit method is simple and easy to carry out. It can ensure that the vehicles that comply with the speed limit can smoothly pass through the restricted section without rollover and other traffic accidents, but due to the variability of road conditions and unreasonable speed limit standards. Often lead to a considerable number of vehicles do not comply with the speed limit and speeding, in fact, do not achieve the purpose of road speed limit. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the number of cars increased dramatically. Urban road traffic pressure is increasing, unreasonable speed limit standards and speed limit measures can not only reduce the incidence of road traffic accidents, but also aggravate the traffic congestion. This paper studies the speed limit method of urban road (mainly expressway and trunk road), reasonably determines the speed limit standard of urban road, and takes feasible speed control measures. It is of great practical significance to the construction and management of cities today. Through the analysis of various speed concepts and factors affecting the speed limit, this paper explains the drawbacks of using the design speed as the speed limit standard. Based on the comparative study of road speed limit methods at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the train of thought to determine the speed limit standard and the road sections which accord with the characteristics of urban roads, considering the design speed, running speed, road environment and lateral interference factors. On the basis of this, combined with the characteristics and speed limit requirements of urban roads, the method of speed prediction of urban roads is discussed in depth. The operating speed prediction model which accords with the characteristics of urban roads is constructed, which lays a good foundation for the determination of the initial value of the speed limit of urban roads. This paper analyzes the purpose and principle of the speed limit of urban roads. The methods and steps of setting the speed limit standard of urban road are further clarified: firstly, according to the geometric elements of the road, the speed limit section is delineated; Then the section average of the predicted speed of different vehicles (minibus and truck) is taken as the initial value of the speed limit of the corresponding vehicle in this section. The rationality of the initial speed limit is tested and evaluated from the aspects of lateral stability and sight distance, and the unreasonable limit value should be re-set. Finally, according to a certain value standard (rounding by 10km / h rounding) and legal procedures, the speed limit standard (if multi-lane) is determined. In order to predict the running speed, we should divide the lane according to the lateral interference. Finally, considering the particularity of the speed limit management of the urban road, the speed control technology suitable for the urban road is studied systematically. Including information guidance technology, traffic management and control technology, active intervention measures and other three types, this paper analyzes and compares the characteristics and application scope of various speed control technologies, in order to effectively implement the speed limit of urban roads. The research results can be used as the theoretical basis and technical reference for urban traffic management departments to formulate road speed limit standards and implement road traffic management.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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