基于定制公交模式下的公交优先策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 14:12

本文关键词： 交通拥堵交通需求公交优先定制公交　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速发展,城市机动化水平的显著增加,以致于交通需求与供给之间产生了越来越显著的矛盾。为了从根本上缓解城市交通问题,使公共交通得以优先发展是现在各大城市用于缓解交通问题的有效途径之一。各大城市的发展现状已表明,现有的公交优先策略,如新增公交数量、扩大地铁规模以及降低出行票价等措施仍然不能有效地吸引小汽车拥有者改乘公共交通方式出行,而且会引发更多的交通出行需求,导致交通愈发拥堵。对于限制机动车出行的一些措施,如限行、限购以及增加停车收费等策略也并没有达到预期效果。工作日的上下班时间由于较高比例的私人小汽车出行,成为最拥堵的时期,控制私家车的出行比例是吸引小汽车拥有者改乘公共交通出行的关键。对于目前的公共交通而言,车内比较拥挤,乘车的环境差,舒适度低,所以不能有效地吸引私家车主。公交优先与公交优秀是息息相关的,随着物质生活质量的不断提高,人们对交通出行需求日趋多样化,对出行条件的诉求愈发“苛刻”。因此,公交优先应该致力于公交优秀,而且公交优秀又能够促进公交优先,使公交优先政策得以落实。定制公交是介于普通公交和私人小汽车之间的一种新兴交通方式,它能更好地满足通勤者多层次、多样化的出行需求,尤其能够有效地吸引私家车主,从而有效地提高道路使用效率,使交通拥堵问题得到缓解。本文首先分析现有的交通状况,对目前公交优先的技术措施及政策措施进行有效性评价,得出现在的公共交通服务质量并不能满足人们多元化、多层次的交通需求,从而提出由“公交优秀”带动“公交优先”的发展策略。定制公交是公交优秀的发展产物,通过对其特征、优势进行概述,从而了解定制公交。通过对定制公交的运营情况进行研究,得出现有定制公交的不足之处,从而在此基础上,提出定制公交模式下公交优先的策略,除了提升定制公交的运营服务水平外,还提出了针对二线城市或者非高收入人群开通定制公交,并通过模型分析策略实施的可行性。为以后定制公交模式下公交优先策略的实施提供了理论与数据支撑。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the level of urban motorization has increased significantly, resulting in a more and more significant contradiction between traffic demand and supply. The development of public transport is one of the effective ways to alleviate the traffic problems in the major cities. The development situation of the major cities has shown that the existing bus priority strategy, such as the number of new public transport. Such measures as expanding the size of the subway and reducing travel fares still can not effectively attract car owners to switch to public transport, and will lead to more traffic demand. Leading to increased traffic jams. For some restrictions on motor vehicle travel measures, such as traffic restrictions. Restrictions on purchases and increased parking charges did not achieve the desired results. The working day commute time due to a high proportion of private car travel, become the most congested period. Controlling the proportion of private car travel is the key to attract car owners to switch to public transport. For the current public transport, the car is crowded, the environment is poor, the comfort is low. So can not effectively attract private car owners. Bus priority and bus excellence is closely related, with the continuous improvement of the quality of material life, the demand for traffic travel is becoming more and more diversified. Therefore, bus priority should be committed to bus excellence, and bus excellence can promote bus priority. Custom public transport is a new traffic mode between ordinary public transport and private cars. It can better meet the multi-level and diversified travel needs of commuters. In particular, it can attract private car owners effectively, thus effectively improve the efficiency of road use, so that the problem of traffic congestion has been alleviated. Firstly, this paper analyzes the existing traffic conditions. Based on the evaluation of the technical measures and policy measures of public transport priority, it is concluded that the quality of public transport service can not meet the diversified and multi-level traffic demand. This paper puts forward the development strategy of "bus priority" driven by "bus excellence". Custom-built public transport is the product of excellent development of public transport. Through the summary of its characteristics and advantages. Through the study of the operation of customized public transport, the shortcomings of existing customized public transport are obtained, and on this basis, the strategy of bus priority under the mode of customized public transport is put forward. In addition to improve the level of customized public transport operation services, but also proposed for second-tier cities or non-high-income groups to open customized public transport. And through the model analysis of the feasibility of the implementation of the strategy for the future customized bus priority strategy under the implementation of the theory and data support.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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