地质雷达技术在兰渝铁路隧道施工中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-28 14:18

本文关键词： 地质雷达隧道超前地质预报工程质量衬砌检测　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪,随着国家《中长期铁路网规划》的实施和铁路高标准大规模建设的顺利开展,我国在不断地加大对铁路建设的投入,因此国内高速铁路得到了长足、快速的发展。在高速铁路通过地形较为复杂的地区时,为满足其较高的技术要求,需大量修建桥梁、隧道工程。本文针对隧道施工中地质雷达的应用进行研究,在隧道的修建过程中,需要不断的进行开挖,这就要求对掌子面前方的地质变化情况有详细的分析,得到准确的地质资料,以便在隧道施工中及时合理地调整施工方案和开挖进度,加强安全预防与保护措施,避免发生工程事故。除此以外,在施工过程中的质量评价和竣工后的质量检测,都需要详细、准确、全面地掌握隧道是否有质量缺陷。地质雷达探测属于地球物理勘探方法,它是应用高频电磁脉冲信号反射来探测前方与地下的介质分布规律。因其具有扫描速度快、分辨率高、重量轻、无损检测、图像直观等优点,在隧道的超前地质预报和衬砌检测中得到了广泛的应用。地质雷达的应用是基于电磁场理论发展起来的,电磁场理论和电磁波传播规律是地质雷达技术的理论基础。本文从麦克斯韦方程组入手,了解了电磁场的基本理论,介绍了传播介质下电磁波的传播特性,探讨了不同介质下地质雷达的探测规律以及介质的电磁特性。通过学习国内外有关地质雷达应用技术研究资料,结合在兰(兰州)渝(重庆)铁路隧道超前地质预报和衬砌检测的广泛应用,积累了应用地质雷达技术的丰富经验。本文主要有以下研究内容：(1)阐述了电磁波的基本理论,包括麦克斯韦方程组与波动方程、偶极子天线电磁场、电磁波的时间场等。(2)系统总结了应用地质雷达的数据采集方法和数据处理流程,详细说明了数据采集前的准备、采集过程中的注意事项以及采集后数据处理流程等。(3)通过对隧道地质状况进行超前检测预报,验证了围岩类别与设计是否相符,科学地查明隧道地质状况,更好的为后续施工安全、调整施工方法和变更设计提供必要的技术支持。(4)通过对隧道施工的仰拱及填充、二次衬砌等进行无损检测,及早地发现问题,采取整治、整改措施,消除隐患,更好的对隧道施工质量进行实时监控。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, with the implementation of the National medium and long term Railway Network Plan and the smooth development of the large-scale construction of high railway standards, our country is constantly increasing the investment in railway construction. Therefore, the domestic high-speed railway has been rapid development. In order to meet the higher technical requirements, a large number of bridges need to be built in order to meet the higher technical requirements. Tunnel engineering. The application of geological radar in tunnel construction is studied in this paper. In the process of tunnel construction, it is necessary to excavate continuously, which requires a detailed analysis of the geological changes in front of the face. To obtain accurate geological data in order to adjust the construction plan and excavation schedule in time and reasonably in tunnel construction strengthen the safety prevention and protection measures to avoid engineering accidents. In the process of construction quality evaluation and quality inspection after completion, it is necessary to have a detailed, accurate and comprehensive understanding of whether there are any quality defects in the tunnel. GPR detection is a geophysical exploration method. It is the application of high frequency electromagnetic pulse signal reflection to detect the media distribution law in front and underground. It has the advantages of high scanning speed, high resolution, light weight, non-destructive testing, visual image and so on. It has been widely used in tunnel geological prediction and lining detection. The application of GPR is based on electromagnetic field theory. The theory of electromagnetic field and the law of electromagnetic wave propagation are the theoretical basis of geological radar technology. This paper begins with Maxwell's equations, understands the basic theory of electromagnetic field, and introduces the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in propagating medium. In this paper, the detection law and electromagnetic characteristics of GPR in different media are discussed, and the research data of application technology of GPR at home and abroad are studied. Combined with the extensive application of geological forecast and lining detection in Lanzhou-Chongqing railway tunnel. In this paper, the basic theory of electromagnetic wave is expounded, including Maxwell equations and wave equations, dipole antenna electromagnetic field. The data acquisition method and data processing flow of the application of GPR are summarized, and the preparation before data acquisition is described in detail. Through the advance detection and prediction of the geological condition of the tunnel, it verifies whether the type of surrounding rock is consistent with the design. To find out the geological condition of the tunnel scientifically, to provide the necessary technical support for the safety of the subsequent construction, to adjust the construction method and to change the design, to provide the necessary technical support through the inverted arch and the filling of the tunnel construction. Second lining and other non-destructive testing, early detection of the problem, take remedial measures, eliminate hidden dangers, better real-time monitoring of tunnel construction quality.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455

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