低流量农村公路交通安全特征及保障技术

发布时间：2018-02-12 20:22

本文关键词： 农村公路低流量安全限速　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国城镇化建设和新农村建快速发展,为了带动农村地区的经济发展,我国政府对农村公路建设的投资力度不断加大,农村公路因此取得了巨大的发展。此外国家越来越重视农业、农村、农民的相关问题,出台了一系列的优惠政策,农村地区交通发展迅速,机动车保有量逐年上升。然而,我国在加快农村公路建设的初期,过于重视数量,而忽略了交通安全问题,加上农村地区交通不断的发展,导致农村公路的交通安全问题突出,交通事故频频发生。由于低流量农村公路流量低,道路使用率低的原因,无法得到管理部门足够的重视。并且其交通安全特征与其他高等级公路有所不同,现有的安全保障技术适用性较低。本文通过对低流量农村公路的调查和对交通事故数据的统计,从事故类型、事故车辆车型、事故发生时间和事故发生时段四个方面分析了低流量农村公路的交通事故特征,总结了目前低流量农村公路安全保障存在的问题。同时从人、车辆、道路、环境四个方面系统地分析的了低流量农村公路的交通特征,找出了与其他高等级公路不同的特点。在对低流量农村公路交通安全分析的基础上,结合低流量农村公路交通安全改善资金缺乏、没有适用的安保技术、超速严重的情况,提出了基于限速值修正的安全保障技术。建立了结合驾驶员行车识别距离、反应时间、车辆制动性能、道路情况的限速模型,并且在临水临崖路段、急弯路段、陡坡路段对限速模型进行了修正和应用。基于限速的理念总结了多种适用于低流量农村公路的安保设施,为交通安全改善技术人员起到指导的作用。最后,根据农村地区资金缺乏,需要保证选用的交通安保设施发挥最大的效果的要求,对选用的交通安保设施进行效益评价。对交通安保设施的成本构成和效益构成进行分析和量化,通过效益成本比进行经济性评价,来选择交通安保设施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of urbanization and the construction of new rural areas have developed rapidly. In order to promote the economic development of rural areas, our government has continuously increased its investment in rural road construction. As a result, rural roads have made great progress. In addition, the state has paid more and more attention to the related problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and issued a series of preferential policies. The traffic in rural areas has developed rapidly, and the number of motor vehicles has increased year by year. In the early stage of speeding up the rural highway construction, our country pays too much attention to the quantity, but neglects the traffic safety problem, plus the continuous development of the traffic in the rural area, which leads to the prominent traffic safety problem of the rural highway. Traffic accidents occur frequently. Because of the low flow of rural roads and the low utilization rate of roads, they can not get enough attention from the management departments, and their traffic safety characteristics are different from those of other high-grade highways. The applicability of the existing safety and security technology is relatively low. Through the investigation of the low-flow rural highway and the statistics of traffic accident data, this paper analyzes the type of accident, the vehicle type of the accident, the vehicle type of the accident, This paper analyzes the traffic accident characteristics of the low flow rural highway from four aspects: the time of the accident and the time period of the accident, and summarizes the problems existing in the safety and security of the low flow rural highway at present. At the same time, from the aspects of people, vehicles, roads, The traffic characteristics of low flow rural highway are systematically analyzed in four aspects of environment, and the different characteristics from other high grade highway are found. Based on the analysis of traffic safety of low flow rural highway, Combined with the lack of funds to improve the traffic safety of low-flow rural roads, the lack of suitable security techniques and the serious overspeed situation, the safety and security technology based on the correction of the speed limit value is put forward, and the identification distance and reaction time of the drivers are established. Vehicle braking performance, speed limit models for road conditions, and in the face of water near a cliff, a section of a sharp bend, The speed limit model is modified and applied in steep slope section. Based on the concept of speed limit, several kinds of security facilities suitable for low-flow rural highway are summarized, which can guide the technical personnel to improve traffic safety. Finally, In the light of the lack of funds in rural areas and the need to ensure that the selected traffic security facilities are used to maximize their effectiveness, to evaluate the benefits of the selected traffic security facilities... to analyse and quantify the cost and benefit components of the traffic security facilities, Through the economic evaluation of cost-benefit ratio, traffic security facilities are selected.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U492.8

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