山区高速公路路基环境协调性研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 17:35

本文关键词： 山区高速公路路基眼动试验视觉适宜环境协调　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速公路路基与沿线环境的协调有助于提高高速公路的视觉效果,在保证路基安全稳定的同时,能够增进驾乘人员的视觉愉悦性,从而提高行车过程的舒适性。首先,根据山区高速公路路基型式的设计特征,分析路基环境对驾驶员可能的视觉影响,利用Smart Eye Pro眼动仪,开展特征路段驾驶员的眼动试验。其次,采用视野平面法,划分驾驶员行车注视区域,根据相关文献以及实际路况,确定不同区域的注视对象;以驾驶员的注视频次、注视角度、注视时间等眼动参数为评价指标,分析其眼动变化特征,并运用数理统计、回归分析等方法,确定了驾驶员的注视敏感区域;进一步分析不同区域注视对象的分布特征,确定路基边坡防护形式、跨线桥等山区高速公路路基环境视觉敏感对象。基于视觉震荡理论与道路空间围合度理论,对山区高速公路路基环境过渡特征路段开展视觉适宜性分析,提出了视觉敏感性、视觉适应性评价指标,确定了相应的评价标准。然后,基于驾驶员眼动变化规律的分析结果,按照视觉资源环境系统的评价程序,确定山区高速公路视觉环境协调评价指标;协同考虑公路当地的地形、地貌与自然环境等生态环境协调指标,建立山区高速公路路基环境协调评价指标体系。在物元理论的基础上,依据加权平均原则,确定山区高速公路路基环境协调评价方法。最后,基于驾驶员的视觉震荡理论与视觉连续性理论,提出山区高速公路路堑边坡的识别距离,采用三次样条曲线插值拟合驾驶员竖直向的视觉连续曲线,运用圆弧曲线拟合驾驶员横向视距的圆滑曲线,根据道路空间感理论,提出路侧植被景观的合理间距。协同考虑路侧植被的竖直高度以及道路横向、纵向的间距,结合高速公路的路基宽度与边坡高度,确定不同车道数的山区高速公路视线诱导结构物的布置形式,并选取适宜的路侧景观设计方案,以自然诱导驾驶员的视线。通过开展山区高速公路路基边坡协调设计仿真实验,分析试验人员视点的变化规律,以检验协调技术的有效性。
[Abstract]:The coordination of highway subgrade and environment along the highway can help to improve the visual effect of expressway, ensure the safety and stability of roadbed, at the same time, can enhance the visual pleasure of drivers, thus improve the comfort of driving process. First of all, According to the design characteristics of roadbed type of highway in mountainous area, the possible visual influence of roadbed environment on driver is analyzed, and the eye movement test of driver in characteristic section is carried out by using Smart Eye Pro eye movement instrument. Secondly, the visual field plane method is adopted. According to the relevant literature and the actual road conditions, the gaze objects of different areas are determined, and the eye movement characteristics of the drivers are analyzed with the eye movement parameters such as fixation frequency, fixation angle, fixation time and other parameters as the evaluation index. Using the methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis, the authors determine the sensitive area of the driver's gaze, further analyze the distribution characteristics of the watching objects in different areas, and determine the protection form of the roadbed slope. Based on the theory of visual concussion and the theory of road space encirclement, the visual suitability of the transition section of highway subgrade environment in mountainous area is analyzed, and the visual sensitivity is put forward. Then, based on the analysis results of driver's eye movement change law, according to the evaluation procedure of visual resource and environment system, the evaluation index of visual environment coordination of mountain highway is determined. Considering the coordination indexes of local terrain, landform and natural environment, this paper establishes the evaluation index system of highway subgrade environment coordination in mountainous area. Based on the matter element theory, according to the weighted average principle, the evaluation index system of highway subgrade environment coordination is established. Finally, based on the driver's visual shock theory and visual continuity theory, the recognition distance of highway cutting slope in mountainous area is proposed. The cubic spline curve is used to fit the vertical visual continuous curve of the driver, and the circular arc curve is used to fit the smooth curve of the driver's transverse visual distance. The reasonable spacing of the roadside vegetation landscape is put forward. The vertical height of the roadside vegetation and the horizontal and longitudinal spacing of the road are taken into account, and the width of the roadbed and the height of the slope are combined with each other. The layout form of line-of-sight inducing structure of mountainous expressway with different number of lanes is determined, and the suitable landscape design scheme of roadway is selected to induce the driver's line of sight naturally. The simulation experiment of coordinated design of roadbed slope in mountainous area is carried out. To test the effectiveness of the coordination technique, analyze the change rule of the tester's viewpoint.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.1

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