隧道风对隧道火灾烟气扩散的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 08:36

本文关键词： 公路隧道火灾烟气蔓延隧道风数值分析　出处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采用火灾动力学分析软件FDS模拟空旷隧道、有车辆隧道但无隧道风和有车辆且存在隧道风3种火灾场景的烟气蔓延扩散特征,讨论和分析在纵向排烟模式和横向重点排烟模式下,由车辆行驶和通风诱导的隧道风对烟气温度分布及其扩散距离的影响。研究结果表明:对于纵向排烟模式,由车辆行驶诱导的隧道风可将烟气遏制在整个火源下游区,上游烟气扩散较少;对于横向重点排烟模式,由卫生通风形成的低速隧道风,亦可遏制部分烟气向火源上游扩散,并能有效降低上游烟气的浓度,但不如车辆行驶诱导风有效。烟气扩散距离的计算结果则表明,纵向排烟中由车辆行驶诱导的隧道风可将烟气沿上游扩散距离控制在30 m内,远小于无隧道风情形;而对下游烟气扩散情形,隧道风则显著增大下游烟气的扩散速率。在横向重点排烟中,由卫生通风形成的隧道风对遏制烟气向火源上游扩散有一定作用,但不利于火源下游集中排烟。
[Abstract]:The fire dynamics analysis software FDS was used to simulate the smoke spread and diffusion characteristics of open tunnel, vehicle tunnel without tunnel wind and vehicle with tunnel wind. This paper discusses and analyzes the influence of tunnel wind induced by vehicle driving and ventilation on the temperature distribution and diffusion distance of flue gas under the longitudinal smoke exhaust mode and the horizontal key smoke exhaust mode. The tunnel wind induced by the driving of the vehicle can contain the smoke in the whole downstream area of the fire source, and the smoke diffusion in the upper reaches of the fire source is relatively small. For the transverse key smoke exhaust mode, the low-speed tunnel wind formed by sanitary ventilation can also restrain some smoke from spreading to the upstream of the fire source. It can effectively reduce the concentration of the upstream flue gas, but is not as effective as the driving induced wind. The calculated results of the smoke diffusion distance show that the tunnel wind induced by the vehicle driving in the longitudinal exhaust smoke can control the smoke diffusion distance along the upstream within 30 m. For the downstream flue gas diffusion, the tunnel wind increases the downstream flue gas diffusion rate significantly. In the transverse key smoke exhaust, the tunnel wind formed by sanitary ventilation plays a certain role in curbing the smoke diffusion to the upstream of the fire source. But it is not conducive to the centralized exhaust of smoke downstream of the fire source.
【作者单位】：桂林航天工业学院能源与建筑环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41371445)
【分类号】：U458

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