基于ZigBee的隧道施工监测系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 19:07

本文选题：ZigBee　切入点：传感器　出处：《陕西科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来我国的公路、铁路事业发展迅速,随之而来的是在部分地区必不可少的隧道建设。在山区等特殊地区交通建设中必然有大量的隧道建设,而且很多隧道建设都具有长度越来越长、埋深越来越深、截面越来越大的特点。隧道工程的这些特点给施工增加了很大难度,对施工方的施工管理和技术都有很大的挑战,施工风险也大幅度增加,因此为保证隧道施工的安全进行,隧道施工的监测就显得更为重要。有效的监测手段不但能实现施工过程中及时的安全预警,还有助于施工方实现高效的调度指挥。为了对隧道施工过程实现有效监测,保证隧道施工安全、高效的进行,本文研究了一种基于Zig Bee的隧道施工监测系统。针对目前隧道施工过程中可能出现的几种问题,给出了该系统的基本构架:首先是必要的环境监测系统,针对一些基本环境信息和施工过程中可能出现的环境状况进行监测,对包括基本的温湿度等基本环境信息和粉尘浓度和瓦斯浓度等对施工存在威胁的环境状况通过无线通信技术进行实时监测;其次是人员监控系统,施工过程中的人员安全和指挥调度也尤为重要,因此通过Zig Bee无线网络对施工人员进行定位跟踪,全方位掌控施工隧道的实况,为事故发生时提供实时信息,以便及时救援。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)研究分析隧道监测的难点以及主要问题。通过研讨各种施工监测系统的国内外研究现状与应用情况,分析出现有隧道监测系统的缺点,提出开发更加合理有效的隧道施工监测系统所需要解决的一些主要问题以及实现难点。(2)研究隧道环境监测系统中数据采集与无线传输问题。在隧道施工过程中要实时对施工环境进行监测,以保证施工人员有一个良好安全的施工环境。在此过程中要尽量保证采集到的数据的可信度以及实时性,因此在本文中采用物联网技术中的Zig Bee无线通信技术进行数据的采集与无线传输,同时也解决了传统的有线监测系统中的布线麻烦。(3)研究适合隧道施工特点和环境的人员定位监控方法。相对于煤矿等比较复杂的施工环境而言,隧道是一种较为简单的施工环境,但目前建设的隧道越来越长,有必要对施工人员进行监控以保证施工安全。由于施工环境的结构相对简单,不必要采用复杂的精确定位,可通过模糊定位方法监控到施工人员的基本位置即可,这样还能减少节点的计算量,降低功耗。(4)研究了隧道施工监测系统的具体实现方法。采用Zig Bee无线通信技术与传感技术相结合的方法实现数据采集与实时传输,通过节点间简单的通信过程实现施工人员的模糊定位,从而实现了隧道施工的全面监测。经过实验室的实验测量和验证,基于Zig Bee的隧道施工监测系统首先在环境监测中能够准确采集相应的环境参数数据,包括环境温湿度、瓦斯浓度、粉尘等,并顺利将数据上传至上位机,基本实现对环境的实时监测。在人员定位中,定位节点能够获取附近参考节点节点编号并在上位机监测界面中显示最新收到的两个参考节点编号,实现了精简定位功能。
[Abstract]:The highway of our country in recent years, the rapid development of railway industry, followed by the tunnel construction is essential in some areas. In the traffic construction in mountainous areas and other special areas must have a large number of tunnel construction, tunnel construction and many have a longer length, the depth is deeper and deeper, more and more features section. These characteristics tunnel engineering adds great difficulty to the construction, there is a big challenge to the construction management and construction technology, construction risk is greatly increased, thus to ensure the safety of tunnel construction, tunnel construction monitoring becomes more and more important. Effective monitoring methods can not only timely implementation of the construction process of safety warning and also help the construction side to achieve efficient scheduling. In order to achieve effective monitoring of the tunnel construction process, to ensure the safety of tunnel construction, and efficient, this paper studies a method based on Tunnel construction monitoring system of Zig Bee. Some problems may occur in the process of tunnel construction, the basic framework of the system are: the first is the necessary environmental monitoring system, monitoring for environmental conditions may be some basic environmental information and in the process of construction, including basic information and other basic environmental temperature and humidity the dust concentration and gas concentration for real-time monitoring of the environment construction of threats through wireless communication technology; followed by the personnel monitoring system is also very important, the safety of personnel and command and control in the construction process, so the Zig Bee wireless network positioning and tracking of construction personnel, comprehensive control of tunnel construction situation, to provide real-time information for when the accident occurred, for the timely rescue. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) research and analysis of difficulties in tunnel monitoring and asked Through the discussion of various problems. The monitoring system construction of domestic and foreign research present situation and application of tunnel monitoring system, analysis of the shortcomings, some main problems put forward more reasonable and effective construction of tunnel monitoring system need to be solved and the difficulty. (2) data acquisition and wireless transmission of the tunnel environmental monitoring system. In the tunnel construction process to realize the real-time monitoring of the construction environment, in order to ensure the construction personnel construction with a good environment of security. In this process, try to ensure that the data reliability and real-time, so using Zig Bee wireless communication technology, networking technology in this paper acquisition and wireless data transmission. At the same time, but also solve the trouble of wiring in traditional wired monitoring system. (3) research for the characteristics of tunnel construction and environmental monitoring of personnel positioning method. The construction environment is more complex in the coal mine, the tunnel is a relatively simple construction environment, but now more and more long tunnel construction, it is necessary to monitor the construction personnel to ensure the safety of construction. The construction environment is relatively simple, is not necessary to use precise positioning of the complex, the basic position of fuzzy positioning methods to monitor the construction personnel, which can reduce the amount of computation nodes to reduce power consumption. (4) studied the concrete realization method of tunnel construction monitoring system. Using the method of Zig Bee wireless communication technology and sensor technology to realize the combination of data acquisition and real-time transmission, through the realization of fuzzy positioning of construction personnel between nodes in simple communication the process, in order to achieve a comprehensive monitoring of tunnel construction. Through the experimental measurement and verification in the laboratory, the Zig Bee tunnel construction monitoring system in the environmental monitoring based on Measurement can accurately collect environmental parameters data, including temperature and humidity, concentration of gas, dust, and successfully upload data to the host computer, the basic realization of real-time monitoring of the environment. In the personnel positioning, positioning nodes can get near the reference node number and display the number two reference nodes receive the latest the PC monitoring interface, to achieve a streamlined positioning function.

【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U456.3;TP274

【参考文献】